ee cee el ead Cae ————— i del iy ee 2geh Z ag ed -—— Die el, Suen EA) ed er ote pe fear Rue aie ea eee am G. L. WALTON, M. D, [99 MARLBOROUGH STREET, BOSTON. March 21, 1914. lir. Walter Deane, 2° Brewster Street, Cambridge, Mass. Dear Mr. Dean: I am delighted to receive your letter and to find you have taken such pains to see if my book is any good for the purpose for which it is intended. I have been over it a good many times myself in the same way and have experimented with others who know even less botany than I do, and have been rather surprised to see how many flowers they could find quickly. Up to this time I have made a list of about forty flowers, however, with which there is more or iess delay and uncertainty, generally because of doubt as to color, but occasionally as to other characteristics. For example, I found a tendency to call the Podophylium peltatum opposite- leaved; the same was true of the Erythronium americanum, when the blade of the leaves left their sheathes pretty high up. Again, one is apt to mistake the sepals of Caltha palustris and of Coptis trifolia for petals, overlooking my caution regarding this on pp. 60 and 112. I am preparing, however, an appendix, which contains reduced cuts of these forty flowers, with their variovs colors, their English names and the page on which they are to be found. T am taking at the same time the opportunity to put in about ten flowers which I had previously omitted, for example, Lysimachia thyrsifolia, Polygonella articulata, Radicula Armoracia, Hydrastis canadensis, Apocynum cannabium, Arisaemia Dracontium, Hottonia inflata, Sparganium simplex ,Radicula Nasturtium-aquaticum and Sagittaria graminea. In accordance with your observation, I shall add Vitis labrusca. Of course I am assuming a good deal to suppose that the demand for the book will be sufficient to require this appendix, but we have to be prepared for good fortune as well as bad. The press notices are very favorable, but I suppose they are not always written by botanists, so that it is particularly pleasing to me to have a real botanist pass on it as an aid to the uninitiated and as an incitement to further study. Yours very truly, Eats IT neglected to state that in the Important Precautions at the beginning I shall add this one, in case the new edition ever material- izes: "Failing to find a flower by the charts, look throvgh the pictures in the appendix." I46U KF Sr. OV, <4 | / | - j Wi i a if = A | A [\Abtwwgynr , ge } / ie . “ (/ e f) } F pod ie Aan, Ay, LIALAL y A, /f /f re ff / lf f | j_ ] U ! Y, at Pa fia Utw desucd, he ft beA the | Ge i Ze “Mis in Lead 14 li oe | oaks oir ee oe © Eo tea! y e | f] iy, | of dAltit Ld it ee oe | fj}. Ab HUF, ov 37 ad 4 v7) VA : br Vila = J a | U/ y # tn (inns Cneof Man. fbn fed | Cons 7 / Sy y, f j Ss F 4 a Pe ‘gua se hogs ei een nas ‘ | : io 39% d cabled itt A Meola Png rin é “Sy, | ae wil pds a Me - Ai / ripeat full oe we 1 MY fren Lh hurordg °° D: in Ve ). Iker /4bu R.F Ave. Watkinglin XB. /44 64 RGAve, Ree. 3/, /%r4. o Dintabileke oe una DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WASHINGTON p. c., NOV. 11, 1887. ,»cambridze, Mass. indeed glad to get your letter and as- sure you that Mrs.Ward and I remember and eherish as among the. most pleasant things of our lives the Boston trip and your kind offiees,without which it would have been a comparative failure, Please remember us to all the excellent people we met while there- I got baek from the National Park in September thoroughly reno- vated and made over, Prof.Knowlton was with me and we had a grand trip and a very successful one. T have sent in an application to have the Procesdings of the National Museum sent to you,but am by no means sure that it will I have backed up the application with a letter,setting forth the obligations the Institution is under to you,but the may require some more definite assurance that an exehange will be books you desire. The Polar lixpedition eould only be got anyhow from the Signal office and I learn that it is very searee and would require good backing. Perhaps Senator Hoar could get it for you, The Corwin report is out of print and if obtainable at all it would be through second hand book stores. Very sineerely yours, MNashinglen, LL). CE, (Wrateh 81, 1888. : : - ; VA VA 4 ‘ Q i nylon, tnoites the membels of le dhe Gee - eallfee Sovillis of he cul, lylhei wth ter U 7 “A friends to dllend a Wéeemotial meiling tn ert x Dr. ASA GRAY R. ' Oh Giuisday euentng, Gud ‘5th, of ight ys y ji fh 410 TA Ji. Go bo the We lectile-t0ow of Me CC, teemltitn ; ; Vy, yj Vie (Guvetsily, al the siuthedl cotned Va icf q oe / VA Gi Monk steel. EXEECIsESsS: Pror. S. P. LANGLEY, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, will preside. Pror. J. W. Curcxertnec, Jr.—Dr. Gray and his Life-work. Dr. Georce Vasey.—Dr. Gray’s Botanical Works, and their Influence on Botani- cal Science. Pror. L. F. Warp.—Dr. Gray and Darwinism, Dr. C, V. Rirey,—Personal Reminiscences of Dr. Gray. GEORGE VASEY, F, H. KNOWLTON, A. A. CROZIER. Committee. _ UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON A ace eee, (ESE. fret iat, Wee Ri sk Se eee Weigh. atten Mp WS Where Aeatt cor $0 Prar2ekK — ecl Gob TRE Hl ees arr oh Bs me DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WASHINGTON D.c., Oct. 12,1888, Mr.Walter Deane, Cambridge, Mass. My dear Deane: — I placed your letter among Knowlton’s things for him to answer your queries about books. He has been back sinee Monday and to-day it came up. He says he thinks he told you all he knew about the Point Barrows Expedition Report before, that is was very rare and hard to get even for money. It cere tainly was not published in the Proe,Nat.Mus. Suppose you write to Mr. John Murdock, Librarian Sm. Inst.,who was long at Pt, Barrows and knows everything about the literatures Besides the ‘*Sketch’? and ‘*Synopsis’? I have published nothing on Paleobotany exeept my ‘*Types of the Laramie Flora’® Bulletin No.37 U.S.Geological Survey. That you could not want, as it contains only deseriptions of the same species enumerated and figured at the end of the ‘*Synopsis’*® with the figures ree peated. By act of Congress no one ean get the Bulletins except by purchase. The price of this one is 25 cents and they are for sale at the Survey. I have had to buy a good many to send to paleobotanists who must have them,and I have not felt able to send them merely as mementos, In fact I have not half distribe- uted them to the profession on account of the expense,and the law in this respect cannot be too severely condemned. It also applies to Monographs, two of which I shall publish before long. J hope it may be repealed or amended before they are out. Mrs.Ward and I had a good time at Cleveland and the Thousand Islands. Please remember us to Mrs.Deane,Mr.and Mrs. Brewster, and your stanch friend Kennedy. Most sincerely yours CF Wend ishinglon DE REP mS & KR ue & J‘ ne ee et Ag “ ta be arith prs Gl wiwlen. Bed on te ry Aud pheyeretageg ne AS cr i spre ah a5 : ae WS Geological twee | Clarek 11/979, or tae b5 omats am “its. O1iablix, Beant ,Leamhin “4A fe if : lan. hy Bia br 9 Poy rag Bade 9 all tithe frrd tort one olan ow do wr. ty] PHieth al Set 48 ie Ou eae AS no v S ‘ x SAS a i any eae a, | +9 (pp OU 4g, Ae ee me ae Y ep Ps ’ as s Sh ¥ S SI 8 SS we 5 ge SS » & 3 in = » ge AS . < . x ¥ {- a) 4 Ss q ; AS ‘ p & wt- Nhalet- Shoe | WarA_ WS. Geological Sure iy Washington DE OOTY, [tp bet R.J Are. Nathengls. DL, | Aprd %, 187 ' § have peetred ae: ae F l- | Pl ; ra i j 8 )) : Ne fr ’ AO yt, * : ye =F f ‘ T) A-~ ar \S/' “, / AA [464 RG Ave. Waehigle 34. Sa | 64 KG An. Warehiuiy DZ 4 b6ERIG Ave. Wacbuglz PS. BEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WASHINGTON, D. C., Mr. Walter Deane, Cambridge, Mass. Dee fy My dear Mr. Deane: I was glad to get your letter which came to-day. You. are very kind to offer to send Wittstein. As I told you,if you are going away and not going to want it I should be glad to borrow it till you return,by which time I presume ours will be heve, I inquired the other day and the order has gone. It went in with a large number of other books. On second looking I see that you go to-morrow,so that this will have to be forwarded. I ought to have written but have been driven to death sinee my return. Knowlton starts to-day for the west to stay all summer. Poor fellow,he is badly run down and it remains to be seen whether anything can save him. As to the plants,I hope I may have some one by and by who can get them out for you. Just now there is no one but I am promised some help. I fear that there will be many that we cannot supply. I suppose that you have seen Judge Churchill and learned what time we had on Sunday. It exceeded all my expectations which were very great. I hope your trip will do both you and Mrs.Deane much good and that you will return fully restored to health. Yours most gratefully, Oo s (} St j~2 Z f, ¢ Lh Dug lA —— - y amet a : J. y-) re oo 2 AAAS SALTS ie f + CL Chari 7.) F Gan GH Nanette C44 : LA we 7, an & 4 F) A ¢ fi f ff Lo» ; Si Es a SAAT UI UT 5» 4 F oy fy A 1 AN e 9 Te 4 o% Ago £ LLY ¥ AS ye 4 a PAA. (PACH i Ay OD y 4 Fn. af pee gy ; fe Bhan te b- , Le “ , ff | ee ea: ~ er 4 A. £ 2 v fry ALAN uy An gt | an anred 7 i 4 pA q tebang ro bo Gut baiet Say or a COM + Agape VAtac Vell , a y) ¢f we Conger’. Gd fff JOY AA DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WASHINGTON, D.c., January 6,1890-6 Mr.Walter Deane, 5 Brewster Place,Cambridge,Masse My dear Mr .Deane: I send you by express some fruit of Ilex laevigata that I collected yesterday, but I doubt whether out of it all you will get a bit that you can use as an herbarium specimen, it shell's off so badly. Lt ae all my fault in procrastinating so until it was too late. I collected it last year much earlier and in glorious eondition and wish I had then known that you wanted it. It is one of our most ornamental winterberries and I am sorry I neglected to get it in its best condition. I am soon going to have two year/s collections overhauled and mounted up,and in them I think there are some good specimens. Tf so I will surely send you somée IT found your beautiful Christmas gift on my return from New York where Mrs.Ward and I spent Christmas week. It was very kind of you to remember me. I do not deserve to be remembered by any onée If you ever see Judge Churchill please give him my very kind regards. Yours: most sineerely, \ L0 iat A CA ay, ae, LE AA- AAS rs VIAN oe A {) / Os . Kd Arbre i LY ‘| A lo. Ward ay) » VEARM OPA f ab Q a , . : vows yy) ia l ey bee ee Be Ate } J # Py, | o- 4 {2 f [4A4- iy We y MAL ees g Cenren RANG it Ch Lat € Gy vA ort SY, bs | Bt a of / yi tas Py Bim - ¢ a ‘a Geren 1A l [oe6e R.& Ave. os joa’ ia fet irae, Seal Seti Ue Aa ae ane Ls. AK Degen qb 2 Neg, ; od , 30) ah /0-3%0 A, finn , wrk d nd mortal foray 6/976, 33 |lvy STREET BOSTON / s . > g . ‘ A. ~ +> ‘ S Jaen, Wmdewie Grok. H ,, weed tae Coy “The PALL whe Rar aro ter Cy Corvrned Seon, ee RT seme The PQlele frlin Risin! 4x6. foes Htc Euezc ad iil oetaane © QOD tad : (Pon Pheg Aare ’ on ra { om | 4 Aol q 4? ee 1) LJ ao be w > = im is] ia] a 2 Me pce of Searkt Pannell Onvel St, / Data’ py Nex ry iat JAZ, But Jofore Go Teretef Ma Lory The plow of Te Brislo? Mand Q hoa G7then fe CULO Canned ie. Hx Grlapper of S cand florrnelh, Grd wlan Rs cons Ta 3 Sa ea as eer moe, Nis force at anes Cobar for- Cov rn~. Wn pores That ard a Py Toro Lireta Game [Wler, ey, | taeo.. ie f0e: Pid Awan wie La Pine piesa Wathen the wdrrupno he oly prwetw; arol a rbracky rr Hethee Pb Ale -ucr0 adlec xf Tones Camcs mA ty Nard P3. Our Rare Add aves 4 : S ie: ay A } = n an aaah aL, oaks pudg? hy he (4 Muss K Aue hen. | PMR ING RLE SECWT 0 EAE all (Kee> Lz, 16 />#) Mv okay Aud Bria eek we Nanted Wrotnd Krew e Fer , BOWER HOTEL LOUIS-LE-GRAND PARIS ELBLET -PARIS Mean )nr. lau, {LE Qhe Mone wok. Vr droped, yhred wb Ly I / te i, Mae kad bse few. BAK YIU bud bope heer mul be, Vou A 7 Ok ON kot ged bd WOU, Mee nae bode 4 Wwe Cou ier ; 35 drylek Prope. On yuylokouce Ww mld reformed porta, BEL tt ty 4 jee : at pay PIN | eae yt pmo | pnvyen 7 sO we) oft at by Yrv0 GAPE TA nS oy spt sre arth | ae Mao of vot i MD VW Sma) ®SMYVIWD rs Le ‘cag of Yr Y fared fea ie. 7 WII fIVO ary 0V) np ae yn“ wre bag rd buh MQ AY PaMIyU Wl K aes rod, yopiog yO VY PVA ANH ylwot/ f VFA WAM) Lyn Ly ig pis OFOVKD mWImo Fe WIPO Laas my) Yn X70 GOA burrwe2 OW WIT ee mo, yh Ya Vp Coe ey omeagy ye ‘oper U ‘ewae Bae ae ges oe CPIM \ wemrig wma Lay? “ovol pro Yo te sik: Wye pmo! wy m Je 8 a 4L CY TV)JPIVVVY) WhNIWIN ahi q bvee MY VP. AP Iy. (“4 Ea Lyon h type eal rM7}En prong stg) Ge Aarg) | pom caee) yY NenD St YY ae Wa bnamina| wy rot 00 prt rEg Lape EOE Gl FIIs “200° Pat Tees Wer haa pry hr oyw/yn “ony URY} ASuL.ys a10Ur jou OX {{]9} 0} ayey asurlys “MOIA S9Op Ivad aUO SUOOUTI se soyeS KuvUt SV ‘19k Suyooy oy} Jnoysno.1y] sinoy o1¥ 9194) sy (092g) awodde a1ay saeypid apqaeur Aue sy ‘298 BAX YDINYD Sty} Ul SMOpUIM AuLLT oS ‘9q 2194} Ivad uo ur se skep Auea sy c ean Nereake Latin ADDRESS ONLY, ; < —<—— (ee FoR THE jy jj, past 7] t } > ? 7} << agar Ya. hOibud. A) ith & < Cathe dlaod lrwnaa 1 » | le Webae ee u wre deri AA, 4) (0 A Sf ; baal is space may also be used for communication QEVOLSOd (OLOHd HOTCD) |, MOHHOOLNY he -VWar-etends , Horfeike;dunre 6 4012 iy—dear-Mr—beane+ : You asked me for some notes on Euphorbia Cyparissias L, in fruit. Since you called attention, a few years ago, to the infrenquency with which this plaht is reported in fruit, I have examined such colonies of it as I have chanced upon in Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts, In but one place have I found it in fruit, and that was in Greenfield, this state,on June 16, 1910, There I found two stations. The first station was on one of the main residential streets when I was walking from my hotel -- the Welden -- to spend a half day on the near-by elevation known locally as the "Poets Seat", The plants were very numerous over an area of approximately thirty meters square, extending from the grassy street-side up a delapitaded bank-wall and over a part of a lot of grass land, in another part of which was a dwelling, The plants carried an abundance of well developed fruit in such an advanced stage of maturity that on drying there was a strong tendency for the RPT. GO become detached, \ my return by a different route, I found on the margin of the city portion of the towa, two other patches close by eam other, and from the first station a half or three-quarters of a mile, Though the area here was considerably less, the plants were numerous and bore abundant, well developed fruit, This year, on May llth, I revisited the first station, The plants appeared to be as numerous as on my first visit, but were only just coming into flower, The area covered by them was limited on two sides by as many streets, while in another direction it was marked by a line / beyond which the grass is kept closely cut as a lawn about the dwekhing above referred to, Evidently the grass between the lawn and the street is allowed to mature before it is cut, a period which allows also for the maturity of the spurge. As to the persistency of the species in the face of a determined effort to eradicate it, I cannot speak from wide experience, but my be= lief is that it is not difficult to get rid of it if one wishes to do so. And for this reason:- when, some fifteen years ago we first took possess- sion of this place, I found, on one part of the house grounds, a tangle of low blackberry vines, grass and this Euphorbia, It seemed to me then a discouraging task to get them out of the way, But by frequent cutting I soon found that the undesired plants were willing to give up the strug- gle, and I have had no trouble from them since, Just beyond the limits of my cutting however, they are holding their own with unabated vigor. As the first house here was built by my ancestors in the latter se been part of the seventeenth century, it is likely that the plants hae long in possession of certain places where they still persist. Ever since ” * . 2 we have been here I have looked for fruit, but have never seen it here, va cecilia aes eee a oa Ludo (Aorgre ) Burge oo lonke pecleurd 7 # J e a) ee se ne nee d Name fe vA Gand ‘a Ltedok C Ship WAL ay Mey 26, 1G) Cade te Kets Ce IYA Ree ree ey 6 otlecy ee Pe Pewee core, thacg Tex Pitt, Mictcs Sect eld PLY, Mee dtndy Loe ee Lhatiin— © Tn Ges Baty AAp Ate eae ou Org Hee 67 he, fevbe or Miele Wate PitGeges s 7 Oe On ee ee gee ae 5 ; 1224 Meter U/M. HOTEL PENSION REICHRIEGLERHOF, HOTEL PENSION BELLEVUE WILLA ELISABETH U. GUNTSCHNA-BERGBAHN. . - GRIES sei BOZEN. a ELISE UBERBACHER-MINATTI, EIGENTUMERIN ; % 7 p= fae ——— fvrzyf- ON bane In ge Say oh See J owt Sa Loa — Pon. (Pika peott One trteh EPL: Mek Me Cer -— ects Pees, Nine fre a Bett Wf ty Na Rea ie SMSO VES rene (het aie Ss /ige, Reet ; Ge an Gs epee ide OO Gap Tien Ler eae . Pag rriete k Pa AuAF ipa a Lowe MSS aoe bn PL Iawtae — ~ { Ca ah 7 Lec q Heaoh AO Wr te ea iit tete oars aoa? ce eae Wi he. rtd f- ett pda pee rtbny ve ae J End = Way eae Diffs J ma Pe Sere d Leer yt pro. fhe Ur he Ae Ap A Sh, ete Oh Al Sek wte rata HAL " 7 oe hak ra eng Hee BeBe i eee. ig for Sa papa freee Jed t Cun Be SPS) c Hotel Habsburge: c Hof / OdhecT AM 12 - ESE, Ta etn et Weta Mea Leer wik Dotan fhe, 4 fet T bec ia east resed ee plik, dese, Rams ee tare tthe tat, Ltr eit~ kt 1. < = 5 - Et See nfirer tes tuk Ua, a 2 SY SO Ge Ct CLL ae = Che Wtateerere De UL et Gey ME Oe tn ties Chik as "é. ‘u Currelrne Kw the Mflrcuren, An he hen, De Vow thy ~~ MEL of Morusch (roranory Peo eee ae oe a eee ee aes. eS FEC Ahan qt ut Me Me, ) Soe ae tstit, UK erh é » tench — ee do ot: re, — Wea, (ex lor eA a) ae a as 7 of VC aetr An Ui Dreres ror ch bin - QD Ha, Lett Grae, - Ged ay pH—ehy 4 Ley wee ENE EAM e ERE a clefifececf 3 en he yo Sezer feten ey, t Aes Pes Kar, Caceuey 7 y : = A va ot a Ae Cea 9 = Y S Aen Re igre ron ae 4, Lececten Mee lr fpreatla sO Th Cay ene a a ieee ee fra Behan f Cen, thy wate ~ Ou “ ty & Quy i celak nian SJ oud wiset. til Come en 4 wotireth a ato li FP Lie Wade tuts tas heft hor he 105: i= AS ‘@) 3 1558 1910 a ea 405: o ‘®) 1c fo 1558 3 ZI9ION oun. € Boer, : ee BWegot. res ‘STREET, WINCHESTER. 7 2 ed i) TH Ub ( i Jlkdr ) 4 —o HAk 6 - \ \ ww —==t 5. S. DEVONIAN, ==— S - 1b. ont aha 47, ali Po eek Te Gace) ees Lee es. Ole spree feubes AE PLY IA fry ta Cents fe ot Litay btn free GO Mims Poe luti Z . Fon Aan then k, aaa Coa af fltea wrk Arty Ar Ane - Frrertrl Ltd LA aren er ntE Aten e ‘ tnt 7 nr ee afr eS Preecihin, Cc h pnd A tafe ae » weg (a Sapa bf ua bhy re Fy > Pow Oth en WP as Regt Aten = fer UY a. S fx 4 — - i ' r e i Ann 4 AL Cater Ohne r (ley PrecH, aS ree PG ee den, Ware. ed hay dt reek VD Kf me he Cpt vf earner Cetin, ~ rath, Lueloee? 14 7 Y ee: Umea Yuu hey te a ae (See oe — tte, 28 ten, hf — Carl i > $e BS MAE. Ply (&- Pile des. eq: Pa wy a = Lae, Neel A fly 1% Cee. F ~retiviine/ fr Buc ~ beled Ang, Ss - Jou alts tee tina * Litlin ~ Nf ela : ee gto Ahe Are antl OCxrr.e oelorg MO he Sie 4 SSS ae ee ite ata matt Sabte Shah; ane Pee Fe he fir: lacliig | & te-tianh Cetrit ne af- (er aching 7 Sot eh = Lene ee asf Gel Uae ie ea ee. ~ =, my. il oe Arl- f Lo nee pCa a Uftn a : Dp tpl, IIE | ee AA Pay od Oe Ac atin of eat ee € AA ah i. Oe Livy £1 ew a = tothe 0 sy gy a en len tend PT ge Lie) “tenet.” gins SY GE eee pee / - atlecray “| Bosh) i yao tas pert Gia Bes Ao lids Aw 9 ) : 2 is : nN cs S) leaf pars ete errr t bt eee A ; por wre SL Rig Aaetee A — Ufa lea lite phone Ware frag of bn We rencted hawner SB, thy Gam 7 bug 9 - Jon fer WV Panta, cnllen, D9 han 4a irr Ahi WK Prs— o Bd Gor evered Haeue {leovetler wr thay Leyte fp ee eae a v4 we oe a ; >, hs Coat hea, Ww bur rl Le ee St ry hay jy Maite lad Merde, He Cermeme — af - fetlicy be Glas | : Wehr te I Cable eee NAttesy frevue au frr_Le. Realy lis fol yl 07” Lenn) eee ’ When. “ie Fre ee a » ~Y —t eae area y, Y inew beet vezi Mer / oj Phu 7 che +), eet” “ uf SP nide a, = 7 1 daa ee Sm: Me. Lee t Wea Yorn. Coal 0 : wd ea Saee a tw, te tee vin Ph, Malime Lice tee, 1 Jeceg len, i a an Bin ee Lik Po, lithe. Cevbur Preteu— we Keer Mum — Se ok Lovtied UE Bphaedes arhele ~ sae Ott Io fer ->K Cs a a quar Pa Here ry he Ty ahiunt Valet J — Dic Oy rece Het actol sash OnMals Wb tet CU: Ae Patio a. {5 , J.R.CARTER. E.H.PALMER. GEO.H. LOWE. ra ey Vr vt : Ky & a ot. thd d iF Carr Wie ce ceuwe’* ¢ ty the, AF AAA cae “0 * o/ 4, 1 l ree Ac Ween tLe ie f Luticen 3, a U, Te- Mim “Whe ene (AAT Kian dal ete! Pep peti Ae ees Air) “ ? ay hte a fuel ap ees7 - a el ee y~ Us Porm fe (ge ae ae SP ae VJ euebre Ufpri J eC A fron Vitel, VAL ed Mt rhe. v Dn Lee . Veowss boots Gtr is AGATA 3 tha aay. pee Ce eee : OF (Meng Rae rr i a aT T toh = wei eh uA PNG OL aan Nts BertciiseG AY ey, tury) A b_awv™ Pe Pee be S/- oe Ctrl TF .0 G06 UE SE wa Te an TL ee. [ZZ | 407 Bae eee as! een came Mtr, SUE bre h- FS LO yn gaan aly ae Grrefe - eed AbD PEe pe Gg, YG NoTythinne ~- Ae mh aud er a Me UM years Sen oye au) Pert Arhi Pa. Bie. cas apy peat ee ame Te pean Lat (A: ne © ty Be, ~ ar ad Ly fpset> SFe (Ch forrnin het pot] Fin Ce ) Lieaned aq (ih | Sea bite So RAM PA pnw ee HS A ke «es ~ Prediny [tetie cd Otay “\~ ee ee Le {> se Serene Ge UA oa ot) co Lat- rik pam Retro pele yA sed Ja. hes 2 oe — few flu Gee oe or fl cae Dag Ra se OO ao Mm Ale eA ee Ce Auge Due Ae aN rl ia Ay thn Khe pn buf. to Secs ahaa ics aecsr PS Bea RAMET A ailaiyss SA. AAS i oe 2) ay OK of - er Co wd TAK pie New os Le - we oe ae, eco < 2 . C i Pertidl™ I ae pee Oe eee iar z iG LY + Ade Rat td shen NGrarrafitle Cay War Creer 1 eles / oe) aad tS anata? ASN Ate o> el © Spee nee KTS Pisict Fl ao agetnee | 9 ut Fie wth eet fy anes ale ese ee od ed Cr pecdaHions | and ES Oe we) DP hawr rp Bacon hore hee hahtmed Steunn ea \ fis. Share hep tifpleates ~eed eect ly ‘ ed A at OCheee Celcullcl SE lll ae Ee hike (a00 Vils-4 ar ( IKun abr» «tetin fa JRA, ae ne f Ufa hag chains Mis ae Li. Gente gp - i, ae eS Fy Phy We, Paceg—op Worn Ver Sur J Karr WA fared Gere. TR fe erty ney Mats ~ ceed arrnege ee QMS, “- [ADDRES NOV ew YOUR MAIL Oo aes i TO ] : —_—_—_" ™ lan NS, Pome Oagutg OM KR iirarg Vaan Inkkar — ¥ Ohne Jaye Pee mot : abut ue ee a a : rooncabel Mae 9 Y-~%G~- %%G ee , TOW a x MbrA une lontslae ae iawn, Aldrin spe Mfr Tr - eg gtimes ttaq Cbaut 7 EM - Fae hae Peep poe Ms he Kad AP OR EG, terthemn, Ky. trad rhe Cha seers NutderntKc Rater We emeg Urthe Ks uae, clog 129 Jame hansleiny herd do loca (leur. ws otf m Carcass’ ANTh Ma, tr Linh Assn Uae ee age her Ralcrreel food coed (Leatura st eee 2 i a tae nt om. acd tps lrmke | tin, CALS Suto ky Luise 4 urtkr eae Ress ax GATT at lr Airbhbah so eoove tli The Mh ey gat 87 fae gu frtledtors ) Lee SE PSU ete: / Gag Me LITTLE BOARS HHAD Naw HaMPSHIRE Cele wee kenne yee oases EE ees es a Os OSE a sor Ft a Se Ae See prt BoA SE Dion OR) Beaks pe ere ee eas a rope se ines s. ek ee BAD AL Fim t RNG Tr. 2 2 Q, —4t@_ Rs oa f preenr co Pia ae Se o—-~ a av» of ay acho Ur Cee & / oa ae eae ee ae Se ge Sas er Pee SA Or ee ase K ah Naar CRa mee a AAs 4 ai 8 Qx ar een eal J i) 2 ae QX KR CC rrya CE Sees to! 15 ay 2 ee (ate) eae y (ee RL eo name Uae Os vee SS ae ene Lay Ae aan as Sars _2 fe ttt oy ka RES ie ge ye wo ee -2_ey—2 A_*___ 2 2 HR alle pf! Plo Bes ROE caked Se hs SS ee Dynes QA 2a 2 oy DA ea: oe ft 4 Cut t—o— yaar , Cer a & kre LX SON eg tN eas Pies, arn te a Oe ee, ey Ae Gg LITTLE BOARS HEAD New HamMPsHiR»D De ans ie cea | a ec CLS PET oe Rest aed Nita A eee es Pi a ce as ee (Re a9 RR oe fa a ea (Cs a aro Y Lr ool are beg pe B, ee pe intel cae —f-—~ eee 1 at AM ore fo aye eee Oe. AS ne FRAO Se TA oA peer oe = 1 Ce 2 © Toa Oe [pa es eee eee - Ue pean Qs s4Qo | ’ o1;A_e2 4 =C A A_ 2 ig ee ee ey ow x2 eR CRea ny a a ee J 4 BLee oA 2 Q As oo Fe cael a_rt CLs gh ro pe Z yay. acadle Ce Es Me aera ty i line rp Ga J S eA ag es 4 Saree eka park ¢ seme OD bs ~—La__ Bee pte , ; ~ 2 @ © 6 (oe : CR, 2 Te ng he = tig okt of a ae a & a rs (Ga i Gl Sui eg» Pe foe CRs ow e ey ee foe Rey HR Cx ep eel CL, 2 eee pus one (Ce See a Ce oe nea oe Sr a_o ke By (oe Aa RES CE ee. Nee ah ee oe \ % A AQ BES a Doo J af “V4. Ur rerryie , (ey ee: wea r~rr.e ~a_4A1 2 en L¢ he Xk Kx po 2x a io ae ee am fo es ct SO ee Tetras (eee C_wv—22_g 2 Spe ees 4 LA-— ——— nat Sete Avo, ak es Aa Tas ig Le NA = Ce er ee aac qo Aes ee ine CL, og 1 Oa. Sees ip Pong ng (ES firs re tase i Be hme. Qo tae | RS eR Be Deo Kin p2 eS re , COG ; coo" aA_e > Whee titey PA tren etinng Cle Coops CBap tre pe, oT at PN meus tear ae a, Pe ae Od Ay Savalas Ss Jef a 2, (ee te J To Ke Ge ee are A£_ 2 wp aay aL SoS fe er aig as ) Le oe , | oe eae TLAA_2 “Fre taperann, exepa ie Pont tpeen, ee Ce ety dies et ae Ree ENS ee? Weowmian 2 i CLEVELAND,OHIO,U.S.A. W.P. WARNER, Pres. & Secy. CasLe ADDRESS: SWASEY, CLEVELAND. AMBROSE SWASEY, V. Pres.& Treas. W.M. ALLEN, Works Mgr. “LIEBER'S STANDARD CODE” September 30,1907. 4B INCH Lick TELESCOPE Mr.Walter Deane, Cambrideg ,Mass. My dear Mr.Deane:- It was a pleasure to hear from you again and| to know that the little instrument I sent you has been doing good and faithful j One part of the business requires a| little apology, for our head bookkeeper has been sick and the receipt- ed bill did not get back to me until since his return.| I will enclose it in this, for we received your check promptly. The family are back, settled down in our home and all ready for the cooler weather we must expect so soon. They have many pleasant memories of the summer at Little Boar's Head, a goodly number of such memories being associated with you and Mrs.Deane and it may interest you to know that while several occupied your rooms after you left, none of them seemed to fill thelplaces made vacant by your departure. Even the robins were dissatisfied and the old mother bird raised her children as quickly as/ possible and all flew away. Each member of the family sends kindest regards'to you and Mrs .Deane. A> VA Say Very truly yours, Vr AMERICAN BANK NOTE COMPANY, LITHO, GLEVELAND, OHIO, U.S.A. NEW YORK OFFICE: SINGER BUILDING BOSTON OFFICE: OLIVER BUILDING CHICAGO OFFICE AND STOREROOM: 618-622 WASHINGTON BLVD. BUFFALO OFFICE: |ROQUOIS BUILDING DETROIT OFFICE: FORD BUILDING AMBROSE SWASEY, President CABLE ADDRESS: SWASEY, CLEVELAND, WORCESTER R.WARNER, Vice President LIEBER'S STANDARD FRANK A.SCOTT, Vice President Gopes: New BUSINESS L.B.STAUFFER, Secretary RE. BLISS, Treasurer £.P. BURRELL, Works Manager April 1?th ee ae eae After 5 days, return to THE WARNER & SWASEY CO. 5701 Carnegie Ave. CLEVELAND, OHIO Vr Walter Deane Cambridge Mass My dear Mr Deane: I have your kind letter which calls to mind a very pleasant acquaintance my family and yours began several years ago at Little Boar's Head. I wish we might meet oftener, but if we cannot mest we can have an occasional letter. If you will send the binoculars to me by parcel post, I will have them cleaned and put in good order and returned to you with but slight delay. We made many thousands of these for the English, French and Italian Governments at the be- ginning of the war, but since our own country got into war we have been so thoroughly filled up with orders for other instruments that we stopped making binoculars. Mrs Varner, if she knew I were writing, would join her compliments with mine to you and Mrs Deane. Yr Very truly yours, W. R Warns Vere Poth See oe eed eee Profs Jeten tz, Sy flarrla, VAL, fi, Peart, S.C, Phish be steal tan ol pny 26 ure CA alee ee eo AeaHffik — ae. pa ae Pee a a ee eee, 2 Caw In. R.A. Gtbix Hate th al yeoey sy ne \ ities Con ater . Sie 7 7 ne a a AG 2 Cece Ceeeceu'; Aes Rta Ads Fe ater a NAIM , oe he oi pwtes \ an Abe hie nats F poe oe - [ G@Q a1 ee 2 Aud Ace Gin Zz eH A”. Seana GL ar ae, finn onthe. 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Asynen. Ficennccsrcde, N.Y. Suh. U7, 17257 Last fale ant wie teh b 1 for AS&GoO EES oy Bane pre-cut, i eae Cuswms< ¢ Ss \ViGad, , ee Ore, Ae er Le lic li a \ NW. chaps nue wrth ee pe > In Yh, Ae, - tee oa (ee Ha! 4 sits BOL ae gts He Se ay cae e aes ae The of Gk PER Re RY ee ‘or ute eine eee y wt. 5 ut Te wei AL eree,, ae faim ne lebe Pele VN) prekee, re OO Aa Ce [EMR ES END ATL ayes ee Prisca tek brea , aceck Ape Cotte ay “Gerth Ue aon ee ae A$ aces, oe le ast ee oF P Aw 4, q ered) cay cd, Fleck Oe FOR” Gre ee Ge eee Geek dip, “rau lng wae th, var O i oe 3 wan Ah enchigas Zon ae i cape ARO nO «© wHrerckt hutate get aa noe Pile, 6, "Y ee gee | ¥ tach tersrare Ze Cort Qk levwth, Doheti fine, Po 2 a Nie ak ie ois Ste meen yes yo A Gog Ts nas APPROACHING THE LAST RVE ON BEAR MOUNTAIN BRIDGE ROAD, N.Y. 14 A-101871 The Peekskill Bear Mountain Bridge Road is the Eastern approach to the bridge. Is a newly constructed road, blasted out of the lofty sides of ; Anthony's Nose and Manito Mountains, and com- RD manding the most picturesque views of the Hudson River. Its greatest elevation is more than 400 feet above the -siver, THIS SPACE FOR ADDRESS ONLY. This road connects the Bridge with the Albany Post Road, and is over three miles long. ARS 25 yctinwn's Gaye eyes MAL crcrcree Hh Ddrcts,,, Tn. 4 CcLeR, Unt, a, Peake - Piece, Ny, OSe bork wu Fhe nti, any Pri Geis pp A @ Me Crazy, NEWBURGH fo} ce) z wv = a = ca RUBEN wnem—-< 7 a ta h,. ee Lani Nee CRAM Dec. 2: a el oe Pent TO: we oe Your chrnretich Ban ret un any hea; Pe CarA Gm, grec sun th © wtend Thoth DF nr UicRitek Be 2 gies [Fu aq German. , Dol ig¢act ee Ran, ts re ae ds gen UH eee ice ing Moy, ote | Peer tg Fak a, re OR ie a te ee ae ee Sr A ea ii pli Wedel, acre n ad Peds Ray ie TERS | aan Nee SAN) eee are ae eee Ga PoNFua owt Ray & Rar, a. of .2.04, at Cpt ar mes, m Thasreta., Thy 2 ge Mae Pe a AE a Si lags Mee Se 5 3 LE Oi ae, fu a he they Pree GILG ate te ie eg Aaenine bea Con han tack ar. Ee See Ray es Carly A.) 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(eho Plaga deren pret gates BEL ete fe pte die OED ca aw Rot eka Ce pe Lact Cans ty Treat ota i Jaren al OR C4 ) Por Vb. ako. ae DR k | Ik ‘ She Ps a SA ae 2 eM as Po ig So wn wh GC sary pet a Lot %) SB aa View 1 SN —~ 4 | ane S Pend Ca R_ ehh | Sanat, Nee -& % wm | ess hho} & a. CERN 6> ALIA pa eee USF t0ng AR Cen rns fer Fn yt b aoe aan! Vii i} et, a jum a abt, DS iny gt ap © Can rte Whe: Co Le lo ees "5 yp at Coc le a Sere a fo qm? a ae Ny | Bate re Senin aM gr POG Sah 2 Bila cre tar dian ip) ER ai Thus eFytak | you Oe Cintaal i ee eet EAS at tha nother Cad, We Rick, (Nass feu Coretta. enh a Fare Tap + {a Ger ae Ft Br RE se Gast, € Nias, 46 CAts— 110946 hi ; Y r 4 a: j in as THE VIKING, NEWPORT, R.- I. THIS SPACE FOR WRITING MESSAGES POST CARD TH)S SPACE FOR ADDRESS ONLY. a ° Rav =o m a > a aqazguo109 tis Cad SWALLOW TAIL LIGHT. GRAND MANAN. N.B, PHOTO BY E.M, SMALL, Ep ae ee ae encase es spotty oa Cred mae bb we mys i ita se or ayy ed, am © eg bn boys ia MN a OS sm tg h rf Rb. 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i x BY TH 1ED S18 SPACK FOR MESSAGE THIS PACK FOR ADPRSSS THE BRIDG Post Card This space for communication Address only to be wriixen here. PLACE CNE CHINA > STAMP HERE a het Cones, Mag 19/19rg Peak eo Oy Bye bake Diaten ww Kh ee RUE eal! UO ee a 2) (Sees ee a Z % < ie AMIE os ahem ete entrant iat Youn, ant, K NAL, Meola ate Diss 5 a Wace, EM wessaihcc sor Geeta 0 oP la aay ee oe Aqo-<> slo pl eye 4 Be wy res. yal i cles tin Meret ney po ae A 2 Were iy arte Ble Coven 1 ee ce ua amos Tee R ae WA ier: aa Vean fer mitfie o WA e&ee—w Arse Lo) tags r ae faa” Gee on Puc, Gow, Mars, OA Th Le un Cart. hice cea y= A Cow ter Ji wees - jor} ™m TA. wai Arar weve 1 TR Weg. Fin, (Usrey Pania o Vales Co yas, Me aie Oe Rey! Gain, Crete a a A Whe A ates ree Maw wGans, ON ap vane oh Tp et ~ oy tS altin wees. i aber wn, Th Gor Anni vcas a 7 SNes hee ee ated is way talnata ES Es: LAS oo I~ ie Oats, ran a Jews Aas ay IC, bac, of fick | Gt bere aaa pg oe Cvigeter ae “Tht. Dea bst ena bane Sk ; ieee noth Us<_a€e a 2 oe Lo Ra tr, 4~ > ic be ss : Lae Gonsray hp “) mY > eos, Fok a SMS cals SA yas T est LF cee PD WY aneth... a5. : 7 lk . (ae ay Cn a te GQ = TN" * she aes 7 Pieler gen pew 9 Th. PFeucps ome tite, pe. ie SE EC ge ae FLW Nanaia {wee potine PO eh Awe Arta < OMe ol 2 i se RC 2 a I Vo cea ae a : GPa i Cn Tt, again, J aod bins pus whan, te (brea ROL SD) qe Pick ~) WI ule aL Cop IT BPs er Cua fat eee BAR ek prs 9 An4 3, Tn, ay xX news 3.. Cop wt ea brent “Pou, Jenn Te a, ater a Ton tra “Tar 9 aw ae 2, Pt + Cnn, Clues TER aA aActhLo, No, 3—€©) 1927 Roundabout Prints The White House Easter Monday Egg Rolling Painting by Lesley Jackson poe en ey, 9D OY ag ey rye HY Page ie ae) ny a EN ee ees hy é © yyye ies Kr Doneet- 4 U s4an41- de Rate XD keith, a. Ptince aby fhctis etal / ebay ee berg tree Pgs Seer Pan th, W/ethe as Woe kee be, bli Le teeet~ /r = Logbecfal Lave. rar Ne kobe. to- af- pidnegh| le Kner baguer Te dork Sree weeds CO ral towmereg te! algend- freakin ae Aca: Be Maunnereg Battie, Hii Jerde— bk z at Meant 7 Gaye boii." Cecr an Lon ee he Be va a baie Big Fa cvs he — Sore. Arm fete ay aco oy eee bn hepa! ~ Lrrenewant bathe bh Setce/ ag if Me A PO hgh te Sear wo fes~ tor steel, pearl ne, Oh el, Le Thesha prtk baad Herne Le Lida Yew Marrneg rhea Ar a eae OP, Hela ae ee ay ; ee aa (5 Dice ot. Bi feties an Ah oupere it ; | tof spel diccws 1 edt [pe bd Jian Pref d 6 bo fuel. batts. tad-llefed Here Oe Yar/-t , i Fone ee: fecentelyrtrts- Te ew: phy spre e eed oy CZ Eby A [ibe yes toe eat es Fef* pill, Ba. gostey Lin Ad Mee Cent, Jo Tir. 2Lfecrne— 2 pet ee sete goa at th Sear Ladl- Scrtetl Catsyiel g es ae fe bake PASC Inlet ~ Peary: if oy "2006. Coming Out of Crawford Notch, White Mts., N. H. hg 8l fob 3 / Bde owl, © " Utd d, Vere. 6.01 CAL FLEE _ Cie pt Leech hte thes : Are delat Sade a) MARY M3 ore wt ete tee bus eee “ni tha Geet Qf. oe ee ko eign QrAnne WVAh. anew Sy Cea. . hn ae Meany 7 ee Ce 2st No. Washington Monument and Sherman Statue Painting by Lesley Jackson a cS pO\La4 4 4 ie ly awd Zee eee an S EO sein p 4 (soe rae a a. Ss lave © toyed, | We OAL Row, AAA Ash lseatbe ALa Cap eA Rig cof CORR Ay fy. ‘5 -a '*noer IHSUTM = Len fr eee ioe eae Pak ARO On ae ee tekls 5 semis 0 ERE 2 Cle ne ese eee ges rz ty 0c Keo, stad 7A saa Ly q- es WZ ae J3 eee ape: Lav SIV Vien iste, fd f JS Aik Od. i, OY) aie a oe Jee 5 he : tenn dew.) ree cy Hee a Pek Certs TY, Meisacat ¢ ove 4 (Ae ee: Lae. [age aoe Fi hae y) ¢ / x ce yk a ie Ae “Mow. 6, i So tgliem Sees eos rere lon for ef b De. 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Brisa | ——_ jesa di — " < sy + - Ch Lp as te Cot pete Kbit hE et ete ATR. L VY ae cee te S / = oy af Cette ek a p48 Cvece = Sy Cree. L i? A E, if: : o Pas Oe Ce ge ad ct = e. Cette Y, : (A va Lys (tts pot eres sae ue é¢ LL 2twv 4 ie Fa ae ot ee Ge ate Se re Wt Cc sé pe ee. fir v JD ce # or co / b a ra LEE LOY & ft 2 fr€ ; lea Cé : Ee : | tee aaa | sae pte. ee 2 Vl eels Donets eae eee fp LE Eee . ~ ; ee a oS Ko je S re a SEA Le. Ee Ce. (eae ELEY ee L { -¢ ; = f iP ff A Fite! ove he tee NS a 5 ee ee 4 ¢ + ; 4 eS ye er a 2 Oe eo EE OOS Bee Z wv oie oe —“t. a“ # vee ae ‘ FA Le Pre LU 4ec 4 Wy tli a +P Oer1 +. eererte z yd fs a L “ ae ri es : . Roa a, At Cf ge pe (lanes feet ye ~~ ae Be > f A j 2 VtcLay ade Tithe, Free be wy f NX Ly f ie, NORTHEASTERN BIRD BANDING ASSOCIATION 50 CONGRESS STREET, ROOM 1045 BOST ON, MASS. COUNCILORS FRANCIS H. ALLEN, MASS., PRESIDENT HARRISON F. LEWIS, EASTERN CANADA PROF. ALFRED O. GROSS, MAINE HENRY 8. SHAW, MAss. VICE PRESIDENTS v RICHARD B. HARDING, Mass. FRANCIS BEACH WHITE, N. H. DR. JOHN B. MAY, MAss. CHARLES L. WHITTLE, MAss. R. O. MONTAMBAULT, PROVINCE OF QUEBEC LAURENCE B. FLETCHER, SECRETARY PROF. FREDERICK A, SAUNDERS, MASs, Mrs. ALICE B. HARRINGTON, RECORDING SECRETARY WENDELL P. SMITH, VERMONT CHARLES B. FLOYD, TREASURER L. Mcl. TERRILL, PROVINCE OF QUEBEC 95 SOUTH STREET, BOSTON, MASS. ROBIE W. TUFTS, NOVA SCOTIA Dr. WINSOR M. TYLER, MASs. DiS FOR ADD SS — NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY ITHACA, N. Y. rN Ee NEW YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE L. KNUDSON PROFESSOR J. R. SCHRAMM, PROFESSOR AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY DONALD REDDICK, PROFESSOR ITHACA, N.Y. A. J. EAMES, PROFESSOR L. W. SHARP, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR O. F. CURTIS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ALBERT R. MANN, DEAN DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY Jan. 26, 1921 Mr. Walter eh aid 29 Brewster St Cambridge, Ma uss. Dear Mr. Deane: I am sorry not to have answered your letters more promptly, but all of my correspondence has been interrupted during the last few days by the architects, who are planning our new buildings. They have just been around to get our ~ approval,and as usual have been in & hurry.so that we hsve found it necessary to drop most of our work and work with them. instead. We are hoping to have a fine new building for boteny within a few years. I wish to thank you for the specimens of Amelanchier. You were very kind to mount them for me. I agree with you as to the name which they should bear, and 1 am enclosing two little slips for you to attach to your specimens. The habit, as stated in your letter, is very interesting,but is apparently an exaggeration of the type of habit found in A. Solinifera, modified somewhat by A. laevis. I am returning the specimen of Bree stis by parcel and again I agree with your determinatior post . the branches of a panicle more densely spikelet besring, and the hairs at the orifice of the sheathes are absent I should judg hat your plant is a very typieesl one of E. Prankii. It was very sad news we had from Cambridge last week announcing the death of Dr. Riddle. I knew that he was very ill, but did not expect that the trouble was so serious. We shall all miss him very much. With best wishes, Sincerely yours, K. M. WIEGAND, PROFESSOR New YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE L. KNUDSON, PROFESSOR J. R. SCHRAMM, PROFESSOR AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY DONALD REDDICK, PROFESSOR A. J. EAMES, PROFESSOR ITHACA N.Y. L. W. SHARP, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ALBERT R. MANN, DEAN O. F. CURTIS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY 10, 1923 Mr. Walter Deane 29 Brewster Street Cambridge, Mass. Dear Mr. Deane: In my paper on Bidens published 1899, I made a mistake in the identification of Linnaeus’ B. frondosa. My attention was called to this very soon after by Dr. BE. &. Greene, who transferréd' the name to what I called B. melanocarpa and gave the name B. vulgata to what I had called B. frondosa. The names are correctly used in Gray's Manual. B. melanocarpa becomes a synonym of B. frondosa. Yours truly, Cee dengan K. M. WIEGAND, PROFESSOR NEw YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE L. KNUDSON, PROFESSOR J. R. SCHRAMM, PROFESSOR AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY DONALD REDDICK, PROFESSOR ITHACA, N. Y. A. J. EAMES, PROFESSOR L. W. SHARP, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR ALBERT R. MANN, DEAN O. F. CURTIS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY Apri 25, 1923 Mir. Walter Deane 29 Brewster Street Cambridge, Mass. Dear Mr. Deane: With regard to the matter of Carex stellulata I would say that I have prepared a revision of the group, but when it was nearly completed I found that Mr. Mackenzie had already a revision practically ready for the press. 1 wrote him offering him the use of my manuscript and suggested that he should do the publishing. Meanwhile I’named@ up thecmatertalin the Gray Herbarium and sent it back to Cambridge. if Mr. Mackenzie's final paper differs greatly from mine I may still publish my results. I do not know how soon he hopes to have his paper out. We are both agreed, however, that C. echinata must be takeh up for C. stellulata. Fernald had already come to that conclusion. We all three have come to the conclusion also that C. interior of Bailey must be taken up for C. seirpoides of the manual. My idea of the use of the other names will be found on the herbarium sheets. I suspect that Mackenzie will differ from me in making C. cephalantha a species. Sincerely yours, K. M. WIEGAND, PROFESSOR NEw YORK STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE L. KNUDSON, PROFESSOR DONALD REDDICK, PROFESSOR AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY A, J. EAMES, PROFESSOR ITHACA, N. Y. L. W. SHARP, PROFESSOR O, F. CURTIS, PROFESSOR ALBERT R. MANN, DEAN L. C. PETRY, PROFESSOR W. C. MUENSCHER, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY October 21, 1925. Walter Deane, Bre I have just named the two specimens of Amelanchier and am sending them back to you by mail today. One of them is the common Amelanchier, A. laevis, of eastern Massachusetts. The other is A. stolonifera which is common about Wellesley and the Blue Hills, but is not common as far west as Athol. We do, however, have a specimen of it from Millers Falls on the Connecticut River. I am sorry that I did not get to see you this summer. We had such a pleasant visit at your summer home last Fall that I should have enjoyed a trip through the moun- tains again this year. New Foundland, however, took all our spare time this summer. We saw a great deal of Pease this summer and I became much better acquainted with him hen every before. I shall have another place to stop in the White Mountains when I visit that region again. Mrs. Wiegand joins me in sending best wishes to both you and Miss Brown. Sincerely yours, (ace) ig om —— /032 Waztunplr Tad & Peedi, y Nacaachual, 5 ve) 5 i LJ)RGA US), WLAKL | On va ee a ae We Mix, Reeve oe seal — fo UY . Lp de See oF t LIMA =| lo oVer 1) look Ove AL kL BAe sisi v Lee J (reed Velen a / ¥, / m Gru A, e/a) f= 7 Lore ou/hr Ae re ee 8 Ree my A VA GR eA fe Dire ALK i H| eh A Are Ut , oe HK Chruwt +4 Wn & eey, ’ t ai) 4 ~ YO roe WNATLINVAA we tA fA A ae a) \ rr BAAN + On om, = th / A va hh thy / » 2 is 2 % ue = KR 22 Ray} 2 = | & Z b Fie 2 Wee Cherie 54h Onrk mM Via Nureen / a TT 4 ff wore Ab Ne ph Y) Slepete phitts WY Lro< rele ax - NC og gn oe Na MH” Crt uC ( Ihe. Altre, W.) Dar Lal FOB : ; AS Wy frites nen Re murky mruclh UAiae YThal word - Carvery. Te Whash /NGTen FROME THORN 4h 724, as 27 AGES ON. Al. H- CH PYRIGNT 1909 By ato. F Shave VA, inte Lea "PTUs ) = bj “ez 40 WPA POIs Fy) on beak aru), Lorgpe YIP ry wis + OY BA fp = aoe Uy. a Oe Te ne 208, 74 Ti, oo Becta pas 191 FP? eae ey Yyrtwy ames 37 Pry 77770 TG YI ca a Bags) ny or ie YW WHE page am ma 27. on 7 Lifr4 val Vw >) 24 * LUT Ley Se WN BAG: ey K a t vbr ule PAK, Syhen yt VJ VLA - if ie a Ln hy eas 7) Cm eu £ LYE 1} Soop ale pen 7 age see Pee ATEHLO Z en az PCY. ae ee a yr tr a ee SO, baie ku eveRoastles PRS Roast TMM! ANSFIELD EMORIAL USEUM. Memorial Building, Park Avanus Weast, Under the Management of the BOARD OF EDUCATION. E. Wilkinson, Curator. RG Wer IR HER Ro SRoeses ake SIO AAT TALEE ARE FAZE* BES agent: ae GEPCRLERSAR FAGAN ANY arngrengne & Zee ila oman ifo Bed pe CaAnhicane BN Bia ti, waml umes aE Ea en ee ate wo atel ae pote Ge te ths thi if Hay ane met abil Oe Sa ENT Qel- Cro ~ | ames ging h 2 erage Bam De eitoaser Pe esteoaeretieccatee! 4 ANSFIELD EMORIAL USEUM. Memorial Building, Park Avanue West, Under the Management of the BOARD OF EDUCATION. E. Wilkinson, Curator. >) 3 P) bo ‘G) 3 g ¥ g 4 4 Ee Poagoraagee sagersagrorge supreme cageten:S PERREE IAT TUB NRE RB BE NE 42 Franklin St,, Boston, Mass. July 27, 1908, My dear Mr. Deane, Will you please excuse my making use of the stenographer and dictating a letter to you. I am about done up with the heat and my many cares today, Hmile is still away and having a fine time as usual. office I am sending, by my/boy, the book and the three pictures of St. Mark's, which you will find inside of the book; also the glass to look through when you view the pictures. I send my thanks for your kindness in lending them to me. I took them in to the alumni dinner of St. Mark's school, and they were very much appreciated. I should have sent them back to you long ago, but alas I failed to, IT ask your pardon as I often had to in the old days at St. Mark's, when I did anything to displease you. If it could only be then now, I might have turned out a better man. You come into my mind very often, I have forgiven you years ago the many lines you justly inflicted upon me, for I am sure I deserved them all. With kindest regards to Dr. and Mrs, Coolidge, and to Mrs. Dean, believe me Ever sincerely and affectionately yours, L- Joy ra ff L pf : nes 7 Pa Be Will you kindly drop me a postal card, that I may know vou have received these treasures all right. cane Anny (Le ae WW> Dear Prey | ‘ Hore O- Copy ot the pene 10 Mp We Wot oulleer roto DI UrehuS Reach + thar thet Rene Thr (leiniag (D.Uillinnse) wes ued terre? Frnals Rhoden Mog. / 700. Rotts Apotte of Weltc Bee, we there. glory ore Foren plows has mot Ceptire uetle WdirreMins Manip. Nin Metres rr Pw fron tack reottat tp 20 tual A the ewes of Mealtoo Becue Wattle Wabi on ARS NeRarues, weed to ait tro pe 7 the tips tebeur plot hou lado 20 - a0 Long 070 Ee ee dao Atuke- PhS. Woltcs 45-0 Ae ee, oe WW the tlre ft eet re trdibtc teu bw. Mar- Doufudron uw hee, LL Wes Users Orbe Owe 0 Se RE low our Heed, Aner Ute Anrons fice Beda Fron Mer ttowdo of Malice Beau, —_——_——eeer, WV one dg-As - "Ati ke ANE OA oe = RUS MAA, inal Menta lobo of ore Nat UW Aceners bettas ri] Mev 27% 190% | (on cll wee FrUh ul KeoHed ed pele Ditias * “leer ira”, Ma Os Ha. 103 tub. Ceti’ Cre, & thr as Cala f i te gee te & pskee, Fal BOGE LR A aes res 9 Ws eae Aretha JEey MrewkionS OF of FA Tenet Mpre Aeon Pe ol Keath Nok + 0rrAte Lrok. out~tov, Anh Minin Po We oh a: ie en te ONT on ire Maat aie Jor ANGva Pe eee ee & EAR oF De went watt yi a ‘ AaRAH AMS: sees 2 vu a =i vo 7™ K > = (ysr1kdoq) younseR “G'd WA WVHVAHY ‘d 4) Aq YdesBO Ud jeNjoe Ue 8) PIED SIT 42 Franklin Street, Boston, August 22, 1914. DEaAne . g Snel 4 burne, letters from you which ought +t have been answer j r sit my return I have been in a turmoil, the office, second getting the garden straightened out, which required considerable attention after two mouth : tting my head straightened out, which has been sment, hope, fear and indignation awakened by this dreadful war. As you know we left Eneland just in the nick of time and got back without delay to America, much to our relief. In fact we made the quickest passage from land to land which has ever been made, four days and seventeen hours. We are hearing every day harrowing tales of what is going on in France and England. Last night we had a most graphic account of conditions in France from Clifford Moore who arrived day before yesterday on LaFrance. He arrived in France Friday, July 3lst, at Cherbourg, went to Paris Saturday, August lst, where he arrived at eight P.if, He had to walk about a mile and a half to his hotel, carrying his grip. Ee spent the evening and Sunday trying to get money, picking up friends and getting 4 steamship ticket to return ne to the Police Station and to the American Minister. Bach of these operations entailed from one to two hours of waiting. Monday was spent in like fashion. He and friends bse aka a omar thee agen AR Kear t Mes Re 1Ofrcel station Monday evening and left Paris at 3:33 A.M.q Tuesday in freight not find cars which had been fitted up for the transportation of soldiers. * : he m™ re 3 * . = an os de } They arrived at Havre at eleven A.M. Tuesday, went on board the steamer in the dock and spent TEN DAYS there waiting for her : P At last the channel 42nd Atlantic were declared safe and the s 611 Mrs. Deane that her little door rugs have arrived, in the proper color, and they look very pretty. I think she will like them now, I am on my way to spend Sunday in Plymouth and to try and forget the affairs of men in the contemplation of nature. give my very best regards to Mrs. Deane and with in which Blanche joins by proxy, I an, sincerely yours, A nOLETENTSEAL 4 SUH RS "oD Ad i i be wo Vw clit if ona, a ae ALS ae 85 pub 4 Kragy byI%) fe i eee es y)rew ; "01 9.09» 49 EV BPE ae « pice as py yy ine ae mk ‘i VO VERS ai AMAR 0 eae, ON ERE is = NEw Wasmiverown Hore. wo "WL “W504 850 44 #e ben. 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Senin sA yen yor fe: ) nin rg Kall abru wre Coue TUE - SG, Carr ane ur ads fas bas fie Pareto ys FALAISE. — Chambre ou naquit Guillaume-le-Conquérant. — LE Bear Male © Rey ature Ub Ips ADRESSE Ee $ 8 = 3 = S = rs) wu —_ > cy = 5 in [= G 1. : eM me pet ieee eee Meourmcacts Pi rtircgues we | vine VAL Vp ti N Lets Ue Fie Usa At ¢ om ee att a ne Edit. “sere realy , peg ER PITTORESQUE ai digser rest ARTE POSTAL ae Ey Wick tr tH Tedeae a | 472) HOTEL SAINTE ANNE (Ay, de Opéra PARIS as | 1 KE Real KE eG omg rule. aot, 2 Gorge eed, ak, , Wag, Gus dd Ft, SUNSET FARM SHELBURNE FALLS ee ZS PW» > MASSACHUSETTS ye Le aw Lo fieetnt be tet (Gade Sh, Oe, |. leg fo Cap tereres po — oe e ne ee! (as ae topeff hats tial! Bor pi, 6 tee Us ae ON ie a ne ea hee ae Dee ae ee ned meaty ee ee ae Rovme Ct Effet wih thnok p uh ’ ae Pie”: mf (pean Shag: 7? Zz mt di * ie fied Pe re Ge a e si - e . : Soe en = as ete Aeece gape ae Ge ie Es ney cai ; ar ee nee Vie aN tae SUNSET FARM SHELBURNE FALLS MASSACHUSETTS ai cote Mileacde fortes haf f Dee AOE ne > eee Atnt Kee for Taco Cen, Kae beeen bb pid. fir tty Beng phe UE Ga, SUNSET FARM Lae © J Fhe Ae is f J btite VA ye ae hy fag ee Ne. fe: Bece flee is ar gaa ae eete ccc 25 heey Ne Ae gr ea | Pies Dy fee ev Be fir. Didi Wi Fe. Cellen,, toons 7 AE ok bir bree tid lorie Lie «2 Carafe. fr eat Valse wees Stn Pe etae’ ot SKF >¥ Lipr tt. ce ——_ 5 amg tnneafs 7) Cte Ged LO an cn be oy ro oi RO, se me (at nae by % tte Lee atl ee Ome iene fptec UGE hoe Sw tle Re a Pe bone. Bo teak ik ae ee fe be ie eee rs rite Tu fz. of. . pt aw ae eS 5 tee % Gab, fro a | Melle phe Lrafiedl frend O cae Bivet La LI A “tf, BF pipe pp es Ser Se ws. - ys Dre, Y ine en aia fetal hy Plc. Ur a we, Ugur | Ee ge ee hex Chas, fp a ech Vom ee Tae ae oe ey ed ive ee Aale Ahh. te” Fe en ele. ahaa (/ ope Me A . Mes Vii EO WE “ p Gy Perbiary wo {> See I I prwd Hibachi, ae (Pro Gore es ee uae ae Mili la Tae eee pe ee see er Vago tel Fad Ore ake a hey ar aac’ ta Jue porte Rafe Fe ee Duk fer frome en b Prrediaf Provie Fal Weel. by Laer See Bae Pee, ee aa aie Seite ( Nery ‘Ps eas pled we we. far ae : ee eee, esr ls Paar was eee Washi va Cpe fhey Greer HENRY M. WILLIAMS WILLIAMS & FULLER HENRY H. FULLER DEVONSHIRE BUILDING COUNSELLORS AT LAW TELEPHONE MAIN 288 WALTER SHUEBRUK : DANAE. GAUeuS 10 STATE STREET THEODORE E.STEVENSON BOSTON §332 August 17, 1925 Harvard College Class of 1885 Mr. Walter Deane, Philbrook Farm, Shelburne, New Hampshire. Dear Mr. Deane, You are a trump to take so much pains in behalf of the class of '85, but I kmow you are glad to do it because of your feelings for the Larrabee family. Leonard Larrabee's letter covers the situation completely and enables me to put things just as I want. I hope the young man will be able to get his degree by passing off the divisional ex- eminations which he refers to. Trusting that you are enjoying your vacation in the delightful surroundings pictured on the letterhead on which you wrote, Sincer S» Secretary ‘85. G Cet A, Atle hy MANA Irarioh ¢ I PEF, Ws Ae. Vill, Seane Oy. Year dar Stir hth» Legarden “af weed Mhihe eke aM je s pl Lh few Ma a Makes + an Ae VV re VILL . ann AlN Manly - pe DL bs th. Hal- pie willing VA / 10 0 lisfoee nee Aone aw Cop anging Pate dele Uno Te DA Lgl CUNE % post af, frcaerr/~ back J vile urtl{ avd You oectmeng ancl tell elk oon yo se potas tine fr Leche ged f2 you cae ee fo Than sii AY you he Pealloend fee A bat- OG whale g Aone a epee ara SEW cota 1, Uf — a he Vike Seay CLy A ere Sear Tr | va L, ¥ R: ore anal wp a procleage V { , Jomt Hurt ito OAeLy trhneh 7 FTE LOW. f r V F pf a =a} t JF [Lan cotliote MEUM Att Ly Mug Wr Oly } / U Govt tn oy teelu ther tpecres and varie, fp - Vn aber L KAN f : b af ee CMY OOYU, kul- Nave NO Very l oe Mepeate; af Una Laaf- 7 tte fut AW ote abl Tha 6. i 7 Caw bake atthen A Wa need DRE eek fon, WROL?OT vee Me would, toby deed, / | - Rye hangeadey tie morn ba Aur Lott. fo fe Mmovrm ¢ atirat- mou ov lead An hay 5) My Y / ff pis j y ai A, weld prrcprare ty toh, care 4 , paar Nivrtd eoltlatk y offre es Lor Methane. Kethupe lin exuks would fe otout Wh. Wer al - ! eA : nv arg ateuiMane ff Af tk ferns alt he OM ppl fh Wes : o | espa es art ach yeu) VAN eee COV - ¢ iat Pall, ) VEL AN A ss ke LS (EF 1 2 - f Aff 7 ane fuer” igide Line tare, ul / joenied an “L “ad about iz) fol Peay AAW out -¥ Ne tga fet « feed? é: h ave nor fackl- Me A iden { of gute Ps Kita collected Dn/ A aos Wa Some pec 12g a diferent eating, and where iH Lind ke onlin s date Tate Ane Dv and of ree) hae 4nd futher peenrd of 1 f- ene te adh pore #5 ABlione, ve LAth, fbn Uy Hh, Maat Lea per Chae MOV fe Pind fee 1. Mounted . ies cH ek “ot OP 1VVA 2eghi jprcces iD een Ma at sae arty He La LF ome | i” felt MV tacky litel | é Th 3.3 0 {ev Peteser eae AO. | Mortd ave cnn poy comes had db thaugh J reek Z a 5 f vy v G Fie Tan Prva Ff alle. /honlank ; Tray / (EEF, Table g) LANL bog. Dear dir Sour pote and Clerc tawny Labels pecerred C Nhe flled out oy, ond nAkiwrr~. all es ns ee iene Wo, OF « and (no SLE: Sa eee ys Bategs Dre - Poeun i, ae a naghtly mo. fp ECG fo its cr a E. Heagnoldien, te ae a few A flicid 8 Bev lated ver, Carn forg oe they nope not poe A nee Creehf ea Jie Wit hay han it ese a fe piapmenty of yew oss G, Y Cae? j Shoah Faber 4 lama Treg 9 / FEZ Hill ee Jeane ay ae, Sr Four Cer gue 3: Laas pececred., aloo Th Ves Fae Ge: wid | Peas ae f ork '- 4 ree Th. S encloze & fof bth Caher. Ph Prof ba yy, call 4 Dene ploan’ Van, . ” lana flora Sakeg” Wf forib d o/ Have Pease) re afer F Ameng ; ED. daaka fd - jan bee Pre ee | satis nine hes be Miss ere. Be. acsecal pasit / WEL cotleoltx goly ZO ‘Ce Mean wea LAr th frudth unos Greaf-fille Jnovtang hel-/) 669 Valls oe buy, / 46 efecdircly Se s Fiera i Ke |- oS ted mot ft iheven, eee 4 TK dla Al), arfecrally chy ace wet” PA a fers, f ateeharly ther Tor me eae ee ee eueny ; Toon g JA Aare iy Kae 4 cclicaliar, } Oarer Howe (var?) rs Hovde Cbd, Loud eexilettales, derk, Detcharafs's durctorird. Ing, fy pola wy flee a Diewwhe lin OL tice Mord, Fears 1A" abt a Man flora | eee a Meets thee OW, WY Biles. 7? ; reed 2 Tied AF ally | VLNAANA, LW, Le, i igi ( } A ‘ay Wall. Meane Lng, Kear dir tae es pein 1 he ‘ P ; CL ptt te Ctrtird oy @. eed AW: ae S1addéid June am ea Lb hae YL of fli Td, (Uw - sha elally had bp YA Lui, EUVt/) ams We ond i ee / yi ae 4 een be g Aint LCéar/ Ge ace ant oh ie LOL G4 bbe Be Aly: Me i, Lee eee Zeld he Lele : Che he bach are oe, ineclattig Pa, ony sa alates 2 antl Gaataed. L atest, Deak avi le #2 1 cul, he ae Fis late hel> in ues he ee: Jatt “Da, Fee. ty leces + 7 zeae Z nd Kile, rg oa Aust nA eee ani * acer ba We Prin Wy hone by oe awe ae net nether te racy fv tee ocdpend ie ailZ ge ~ tn Tianig lw, €4 - ay ¢ beencge fr Tian ovine Le Ming IER HR OE heath Hess ‘ (Be y x he (ttt. Heane Op, Went LA Lee VO 6 - 4 ‘se Vides one a4 / Jf Nine Ad Trees albu bit ashung a fiots. f puke Ale otohan ge. J A Ps y Lh Muss ES hs a y te’ Awhenl Z : No OpAM/EE u te he able Poe OTe Qnt-w a4 ef. ‘5 . Vb c owrte Me Aad me Sk patie Hale 4 rey ut here, | Neo are farang pene sapndble ably nd wnntth et a bad ator w Hareely Ae anon yet At oe Ue ete Flite ey [o 2 des wh tan pont peace eloweds f tot thavregh th, bins 4 ae Oe sss tocll At ner wel hane Che Perla g 7 es i ae es. ee an A Sa Palle : int iane Fob, ob. (E70, Kalba Goane Cy. Denk oles Wiese, ccceflt orgy Tele fr poor, bicLitt. cee Aovttles rete At Zuad~ ag fr vw a Lrvbein tr elesret oh Gud mun, pie ae ae Bink Yi AMUN ¢ When) compared ees Wy prions dthele Me Tinen%e euglcl yen har A pretin ete? laferr aud Jrvta ate nv ety hl feed olden mou at Lentd ; 4 . Zee ie Hawt & ee etl turn ved org fancy ok wont Aue ee = Prumtbeed of 1 aMtegcther, y ifthe helen orders, Nut Aieae LD Boren oe m ee ea “und th Cl 2a/- wrt ee had Jo. Tar es - poe Hh Pa ah on Try ghrnd moar, abst, th avy Ta, Adar Th. ig wey , Piky 2 SI Meare Ree a Le Petersham, Mass., August 25, 1999. Mr. peane, Philbrook Farn, Shelburne, N. fH. Dear Mr. Deane: Yes, the days at the equater are always practically equal to the nights. Refractien raises the sun at the horizon about two if there were no atmosphere; should lose sight of ut if there were no atmosphere. This applies to the centre. It takes about a min- ute more for the upper edge te set so that we get some Light for about that amount of time at each end of the day--- a few seconds more on Jan. 1, than on July 1 beeause the sun is nearer on Jan i, and its apparent diameter is greater. Refraetion always lengthens the day about 4 minutes and semidiameter about 2 minutes so that the day is about 12 hours and 6 minutes and the night 11 hours and 54 minutes. I will explain in Cambridge and also tell yeu of the effects of parallax, a few seconds in diminishing the day;and the equation of time also small and variable with the time of year. Sineerely yours, [tert W WA a, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, DIVISION OF AGROSTOLOGY, WASHINGTON, D. C. F. LAMSON-SCRIBNER, AGROSTOLOGIST AND CHIEF OF DIVISION, THOMAS A. WILLIAMS, ASSISTANT CHIEF. August 15, 1899. Walter Deane Esq., 2 Brewster St., Cambridge, Mass. Dear Mr. Deane:— I thank. you very much indeed for a copy of the “Fiora" which came safely to hand some days since. It will be of great value to me. Should you at any time have any notes which you should care to pub- lish in the “Asa Gray Bulletin", we should be very glad indeed to re- ceive them. Wishing you a pleasant summer, I am, f , Very sincerely gsc GONE, Ee one ae / HARVARD UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ ASTRONOMICAL LABORATORY JARVIS STREET CAMBRIDGE, MAss. Ber R22 1E. ota o poner Yen jAce oh tLe CG Va o Le Me Boos Pee Z HT ett ye ate eft ae whe bay Barns (PPE Ate Crat- LF 0 2 Yl ae Cue re oe AL Uf wt: eae pheas a) Le1. gern a4 \ pe fo = aC kL ECEA CC] pee (EC. iE Loft ¥ Are y Z BAAN é ee cca aA~ CEL Ee l Y VLE Ltr te wy ice Le ie Cia t- a7 pow? Ze tocl- ‘a seen OC@ / ? ALCLAY. Dpt1.. ~~ “ss 4A1 C2102 Y- dai’ eee foe hat = feryeel Comte Ore pa: We ak Otk ec, hg he L THE WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL CHAPTER OF THE AGASSIZ ASSOCIATION. LYNDS JONES, M. S., 77easz7er — Oberlin, Ohio,... $.20.«....4,..........1898, Wh. Wally JO zane. ze YQ JYUVeUs AY ale, Cae NVA owen, WS Wyre ‘ cf. =, bat = fy as | LA OL hrAA care! ieee I UNA Ar hve | lant AAA , and as Unt, nese old / /I hue Lo [Mime vi am fy A, ore has, Lf aeneieied atin wi¥ pak vA pa COW aert WWrinlka . SMowwe, tally | } j i d s A ( b [TALAA LALSL AA Sp py Ie A a - [- | f 4 eo, FR Vir, Vovt Yitrie Ao poyiwiunl nn Ve hare ast ain nto ‘ A/V IVA CUVeVY J dk Aa Acang Pik laa AK vant / MV : (/ tne aia. aye Ww wink Syd, 5 ( Acrtol ara } [] Vi l 4 ; ne WO PP Roe j q Y ] / ‘ sn ANN thar Wf ee: aire of Annan AL CAAA f U ip ni j 5) Aw VAN. , Uno x A eh, LOY. alt tIovrer | : ae NY OA Bea | “pf i “ . | / wr ae UmuUerly,, lnmwy ae bo eee ae ey Joe nee Ay } LA (Wr wn ADA 2 AWMMS : ( Re tow A Wigs ele W CL la Ave AWA { @ AMAANL nt Vo saa My of es L ees At) cs / / : ; : } : VAI an GVO hw Lo hey mw Avy wv ahh on ly . i | ( acack WwW Autronth oT Anns) : a > pe ame) - AAW . 4 AY ath. ie KK | J / | Way VA / otal og ( HE ay J / f ae / a OVAL 6 DAAAMNL Vn wv § ‘ Onnrg Faw [ if (A aA VAN A cons AUK b ye Hil eee Fe girs / bine | b CLeum lA vy / / (ian aiy { i ey Vi LA of Yi MUSEUM OF OBERLIN COLLEGE. LYNDS JONES, M. S., Asszstant Curator. Ge / Oberlin, Ohio,....... 3.20. W Be as JO Lave en Ag, VULCZZE i Bae x Sar: ly OW’ Neopaeae Arle ral thu | Binet if Hert viet the botbn ve ene Wy. H, @ fon + Dez tetas dep atte. 2 at = ua eV) is hn LB a ‘ 90 | i £2.00 4 ea i a a ms. pers. “Shuctak a ay en ly Yr | Avtd hu Wyre d, louiA of U UsLnu ak SH Y eee A ae l, Pe lw eee a ier 5 Lae y de eal y) je he : iy : Pi LOAN (SZ bAV AA aya Ce. ee: Or WwW wen ay yn | / / ( ji uae Ai ‘ces Let walt thy nel ovartots 4 A Was je mr olutl O”n- . re | WL re Wan Aw , eee of ae wv LA ee Oe Va Y, yv dleMers of Uw Ware s bi (ie ae VU ont , ‘oh ( roth i ys Ann y it hatAn Vy ay Wig tou UAT rv Wy y. en VV A LO wan 04 bank ae Ww A a ae eT este tly, 2 6 M192 | Oo a ae ie Re ae 1 CtL_Z, Dre hs. ron Churchill, 32 Percival Ste Dorchester, Mass. Dr. Sonia Rapoport, 4 Hamond St, Dorchester, Mass. Dr. Ru¥ida Acimovid, Kralja Petra 101, Bitol;, Jugoslavia Stana Popovie Stayanovic, 50 Studenicka ule Mansarda 7, Belgrade, Serbia, Jugoslavia Mr. C. J. Maynard, 457 Crafts St. West Newton, Masse Mrs» C. M. Robinson, Metcalf Hall, Tufts College, Masss Dr. Le Hs Muir, 111 ietropolitan Ave. Roslindale, Mass. Miss G. F. Frisbie, 200 Liberty St. Lowell, Mass. Mir. Je R. Churchill, 32 Percival St. Dorchester, Masse Fatma Reshid, 29 Tchorakli Sokak, Carchou, Yaka, Smyrna, Turkey Dre Isabelle F. Borden, 12 Vine St. Batavia, New York Dr. Louise BHisenhardt, 1651 Beacon St. Brookline, Mass. Miss Caroline S. Delano, 81 St. Botolph St. Boston, Masse WINGS OF THE WIND Miss Grace T. Delano, 81 St. Botolph 5t. Boston, Masse Frau Marie Jensen, Wunderburg, bei Harpstedt, Prov. Hannover, Germany Mrs. Jessy Wallis Heywood, 408 H. 13th St. Indianapolis, Indiana Mrs. Joseph R. Churchill, 32 Percival St. Dorghester, Mass. Mr. Walter Deans, 29 Brewster St. Cambridge, Mass. Dr. Yien Yu Huang, Women & Children's Hospital, Chang-Hsu-Chin, Kiangsi, Via Nanchang, China Mr. Dushan Stayanovitch, 50 Studenicka ul. Mansarda 7, Belgrade, Serbia, Jugoslavia Miss Rebecca Cohen, 581 Lake Ave. Manchester, New Hampshire Mr, F. S. Mathews, 17 Frost 8t. Cambridge, Mass. Miss Helen A. Brooks, 92A Pinckney St. Boston, Masse Rev. Lyman V. Rutledge, 22 Chestnut St. Dedham, Mass. Miss S. R. Davis, Box 94, Berkeley, California Mrs. Bernice F. Smith, 200 Liberty St. Lowell, Mass. WINGS OF THE "IND (Continued) Miss Harriette F, Abbott, 16 Franklin St. Watertown, Masse Wr. Charles R. Goddard Jr, 121 East 236th St. New York City, New York Mr. Richard Harmon, 38 Percival St. Dorchester, Mass. Frau Leni Persson, Osterdeich 102, Bremen, Germany Mr, George E. Prevost, 29 St. Mary St. St. Johnsbury, Vermont Mr. Eugene E,. Allen, Broad St. Weymouth, Mass. Mr. Svend Hakon Host, Vodrofvaj 55, Copenhagen V, Denmark Mr, Alexander Philip Aitken, 6 Carson St. Dorchester, Masse Mr. Louis Glickstein, 4 Esmond St. Dorchester, Mass. Mr.. John Arent, 897 Hast Broadway South Boston, Masse. Wings of the Caduceus Branch of The Wings of the 12 April, 1928. Ls Came Via Fenn th. Idd — ee | Po Catal “nur Acc . eating, Mean 7 Any i hat &Add- eet eee IE my Tae Wepre Ie. Ne ay oe oa poe Boerne! -# ide 8s ae a LUZ. Yt , pn aan My Cort IE Rn idy Dom EO OR ae aa ee I ie FIPEEN sis me canaae poe (Baas) ee Sad U Ad nie) A- CMe /, Fes f fi VY ® ou fF? iar daca dry 4g é ‘ | "1 | | 20/7 Vasgane! yu S vere zw Leap 23 Lay, /$/L- DELGHEAND: STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS. ys we Z. bie EZ Pi Cee UZ A.C ee Ae, ner ae fn Ak Geen 24 R LA LP < Wee eal atic une 32 HUBBARD PARK CAMBRIDGE Ctr [Mh Lieaug, yO Ne etal LE ace Cages Ne 4. AE Ct Ll, Ac LH Pak a Poser ok 6 age ¢ | Viacek tt 77 2.¢ t é B.A 7 West Madison Stre Chicago, Illinois, U. February s5th, 1924. Wr, Walter Deane, Cambridge, Mass. Dr. Casey Wood, now in California, has asked me to send you the enclosed copy of a letter written to a few ‘yelatives and intimates, thinking you might be interested in some portions of this account of his recent wanderings. He has not had an opportunity to revise or correct his letter, which you will please not return but dispose of in any way you choose. Very truly yours, Tus) Gee Pagpocridh Secretany/ Suva, Fiji Islands, Nov. 12, 1923. Dear Folks;- This is the proper time and place to apologize for the contents of the following epistle. You will, perchance, remember that in a letter I wrote last year from South America I explained that in my studies of the fvyes and Eyesight of Birds it is essential that I know something of general Ornithod- ogy - a task that may weil engage the life-long activities of any man. JT believed, and still think, that with a certain foundation of elementary in- formation in Natural History one may, after a diligent pursuit of the subject for five or six years, familiarize oneself with the main facts of bird life - particularly if a reasonable part of the investigations is carried on in the native habitat of the feathered animals under observation. I am painfully aware that, owing chiefly to the brevity of human existence, only a very small percentage of the birds of the world can thus be studied by even the most active student, but if one cannot acquaint oneself with home life of say, 15,000 species, let him aspire to 1500! Another apologia for this unconnected account of our wanderings is made by James Norman Hall, one of the authors of that charming book, “Faery Lands of the South Seas," who has stated the correct justification for setting down many things that are largely personal. It introduces one of his arti- cles in the Atlantic Monthly:- "It has long seemed to me fitting that the nomads among men should give some account of their wanderings to the Spartan souls who carry on the world's work, This becomes almost an obligation on the part of those who wander from choice; for they enjoy the privilege only because most of their fellows forego it, that harvests may be gathered, wheels kept turning, and children born and reared in something better than gypsy fashion, Some attempt at a compensation must be made for the great boon of freedom, of foot-looseness. Wayfarers who return disillusioned from their travels should, whenever occasion offers, acknowledge the fact, to the end that those who have remained behind may be the more content with their home-keeping ways. As for the others who return refreshed in body and spirit -- well, this too, perhaps, should be as frankly admitted, if for no better reason than that the Spartan souls may have the sterner enjoyment of self- denial, Thus may all itinerants render some small service to Society, and-- those who will -- take the road light-heartedly again. These reasons for a continued quest in general ornithology seemed to me, after sober thought, to be as insistent as ever. What do I actually know about the birds of Hawaii, of the South Sea Islands, of New Zealand and of Australia? In reality, little. Of course one may read, even study with diligence, such monographs as Wigeglesvorth's Aves Polynesiae, Buller's Birds of. New Zealand, Leach's, Lucas and LeSouef's, Gould"s or Nathews' Birds of Australia and Wilson's Aves hawaiienses, and compare the beautiful plates, that illustrate most of them, with bird-skins in many collections, but all that is only the beginning of wisdom, At least it is so in the case of an individual like myself, whose one-track mind demands that if the image of an animal is to be permanently impressed upon the memory - sheet it must be watched while going about its daily round and in its native neighborhood. Other and more fortunate observers possess a genius for acquiring this adhesive form of knowledge with less trouble, but for me, especially in this study of their vision, I must (appropriately, you may be tempted to interject) see as many birds as possible in the very act of seeing, * As a small part of this ambitious program, we decided to visit the fol- lowing bird resorts: ~ Tahiti, in Prench Oceania; Raratonga, in the Cook Is- lands; the North and South Islands of New Zealand; a few localities on the Australian continent; the Fiji group; certain islands of the Tongan and Samoan groups, and finally, Hawaii. For particulers see the accompanying map. Of fourse, the time we could give to them would be all too short, but we came within an ace of not seeing them at all! -- as I shall now explain. Doubtless you, as a consistent follower of Vaud Adams, still believe in Fairies, but what do you think of the Parcae? If I were a true pagan I would quite likely describe what happened to E., in explanation of the post- ponement of our excursion across the Pacific, in some such fashion as this: Qu& of a bright heaven of hygienic blue came Clotho, and said to E., "A Right Merry Xmas. to You," She, the youngest and best-looking of the Fates, appeared to have a di- vine sense of humor and a soupcon of jest in tone and look, as if she had, any time these million years, enjoyed the Perennial Jokes of the Universe, and especially those practised on or perpetrated at the expense of poor Humanity » It was quite otherwise with Lachesis, The Dispenser of Gifts appeared so impassive, so unconcerned, even majestic -~ and, I am convinced, was not intrinsically unkind. She never looked directly at E. at all, but gazed in the far distance -- across the lovely, glittering sands of the crescent Coronado beach, past the Mexican table-mountain, past Corpus Christi, lying lew in the Californian sunlight, over the many-sounding, illimitable ocean as if searching for the dark entrance to Avernus, beyond which roll Acheron, and Phlegethon with its fiery flood and seorched banks, and the murky waters of Styx, The searching gaze of the Second Sister did not rest there but fourid, at last, a place where “Avvegna che la subitana fuga Dispergesse color per la campagna, Rivolti al monte ove ragion ne fruga” “Here, child, is « New Year's remembrance", and she touched E. ever 50 gently on the left eyebrow, ** ++ kxeeeeKKk When my wife, after ten weeks struggle with the powers of darkness in the shape of an attack of herpes zoster ophthalmicus, a visitation as venomous 2s its name is long, recovered sufficiently to contemplate travel, we held a family council and decided that we would not abandon, but merely postpone our trip; we would even re- gard the hegira as a celebration of victory. Because, a8 Es pointed out, it might have been worse. Oh, yes, of course, There is a Third Sister who, as Atropos the Inflexible, has through the ages done a thriving and, it must be noted, often beneficent business in the scjssors line; her ministrations we have for the moment escaped. And so here we are. Since everybody who visits Oceania must perforce say something about Cap- tain Cook, the “Bounty” and the Southern Cross, let us refresh our memeries of these three well-worn subjects. < | A Speaking of Captain Cook, I discovered that my recollections of his career were not as fresh as they ought to be for one who proposed to travel the quarter of the globe he so clearly described over a hundred years ago. Indeed, after the accounts given in his "Voyages" one feels that very little of importance has since been published touching the early history of the South Seas, many of whosé islands he placed on the rap. Certainly, since the publication of his reports we have not learned much more concerning the customs and lives of the natives. James Cook, son of a common agricultural laborer, was born in Yorkshire, October 27, 1728, His parents tried to fashion him into a haberdasher, but the lure of the ocean was too much for him and them and - an old, familiar British boy's tale -- he quit the trade and went to sea as a common sailor. After various adventures along the Bri- tish coast and in the Baltic he volunteered as an able seaman in the Royal Navy, assisted at the capture of Quebec, charted the lower St. Lawrence and the shores of Newfoundland and succeeded in proving to his superiors that he was no idler in his chosen profession but aspired to the highest command pog- sible to a self-taught mariner, When, in the year 1768, the government, at the suggestion of the Royal Society, decided to send an expedition to the South Seas for the purpose of observing the transit of Venus over the sun's disk, Lieut. Cook, then forty years of age and in the full possession of hig powers, was placed in command. From that daté™the Pacific and its wonderful islands became his special domain and his accounts of his three voyages of observation and discovery make fascinating reading. It mst be remembered that at least two of the adventures were undbrtaken in the company of well- trained naturalists, students of Linnaeus, who probably "checked up" most of the reports on animal life with which his pages are crowded. Qn June 25, 1776, Capt, Cook sailed on his last voyage - an expedition fitted out by the British government for the chief purpose of discovering a Northwest passage from the Pacific side - to do from the westward what Franklin and others were later to attempt from the east, On Valentine's Day 1779 he was elubbed to death by the natives of Hawaii with whom his men had an altercation - a most tragic end for a man who had uniformily treated the aboriginies of the lands he visited with humanity and tact and with such a just regard for their peculiar viewpoints. His accounts abound with references to the abundant faunal, especially the avian, life of Polynesia, Listen, for example of this extract from his "First Voyage":- "Northward from Botany Bay *«** we have for some days past, | seen the sea-birds, called boobies, which from half an hour before sunrising, to half an hour after, were continually passing the ship in large flights; from which it was conjectured that there was a river or inlet of shallow water to the southward, where they went to feed in the day, returning in the evening to some islands to the northward," Of course these were not Sula bassana, that exclusive Atlantic bird, but the Booby Gannet - Sula leucogastra - seen on both sides of the American Continents, I am morally certain that it was some descendants of these same boobies that we saw as we sailed the same waters. a For his second voyage the government employed H.M. Barque "Endeavour", 370 tons, complement 84, With this equipment the transit was successfully witnessed (on Tahiti) and duly reported; and if you are specially interested in the astronomical portion of the expedition I refer you to the full account of it published in the Philosophical Transactions for the year 1771. Several designations remain to mark this adventure: Two of these are, the group name, Society Islands, from the Royal Society; and Point Venus, about ten miles from Papeete, where the transit was observed, The British were so well pleased with Cook's part in this undertaking that they placed him in command of a second expedition to complete the discovery of another contine ent that most geographers believed existed in the southern hemisphere. ‘Two ships were this time commissioned for the purpose, the "Resolution" ,462 tons, and the "Adventure", 336 tons. They were well equipped and liberally provided with scientific apparatus and stores. As with the reports of the first voyage 50 is the second replete with clear descriptions of the fauna of the islands visited, As they sailed south from New Zealand, for instance, thcy fell in with several large islands and, at last, with a quantity of loose ice. Here they saw "gray albatrosses, blue peterels, pintadoes, and fulmers", Stili later they got two of the antartic peterels, These are about the size of a large pigeon; the feathers of the head, back and part of the upper side of the wings are of a light brown the belly and undersside of the wings white; the tail feathers are also white, but tipped with brown. These birds are ful- ler of feathers than any we had hitherto seen; such care has nature taken to clothe them suftable to the climate in which they live." And the foregoing description has not since the days of Cook been much improved upon, Probably Captain Cook's "blue peterels" were of the genus Prion - the smali Dove Petrels, whose upper surface is ashy blue, with white below. They are only about 12 inches long, with a jet-black, pyramida] band stretching from one leg to the other across the rump, which shows very plainly during flight. The “antarctic peterel" may be that allied species, Prion desolatus, _ This pretty Dove Petrel is seen in flocks, and flies and flies irregularly, like some land and shore birds, because of the alternate use of first one wing and then the other, They do not attend ships, being suspicious of man and all his works, but follow the whale and feed upon, not the crumbs but the more substantial fragments that fall from his ample maw, Hence their vulgar name of Whale Bird. I have never seen this species alive, but they are said to be nocturnal in their habits. The "pintado" is more certainly the pretty little Cape Petrel - Daption capensi or Cape Pigeon, so called from its super- ficial resemblance to a pigeon, with black head spotted with black and a pure white belly. This small petrel, well kmown to travellers in the South Pacific, eagerly feeds on scraps thrown from vessels, and even dives after them, like aduck, If caught, Daption, like others of his kind, tries to defend himself, by ejecting an offensive fluid at and over his captor. Although essentially an antarctic bird, it is occasionally seen as far north as Ceylon and California, Although Captain Cook did not discover a Northwest passage even with the aid of his good:ships "Resolution," of 462 tons, and "Discovery," 300 tons; yet he made for his government many other discoveries that were, perhaps of greater value; all of which is set down in the encyclopedias, so that he who is interested may read, woe I do not believe it possible to write a letter from any place well within the tropeis without referring not only to the "doldrums" but to the Southern Cross, Strange associatien, is it not? Curious literary bedféllows’ I tried to be. an exception to the rule in my former screeds, but you must have a little pattenc&‘ with me this time, remembering that it is my first acquain- tance south of the equator with the southern heavens, Moreover, this urgent need or, better, fashion, of telling all about the latter subject was first set by an American, When Amerigo Vespucci, on his first voyace, saw the constellation he wrote in triumph that he had beheld the Cross - and Dante's "four stars." A friend has drawn my attention to the poet's description:- "Po the right I turned and fixed my mind ' On the other pole attentive, where I saw Four stars ne*er seen before save by the ken Of our first parents. Heaven of their ray seemed joyous. 0, thou northern site, bereft Indeed, and widowed, since of these deprived." This quotation is from Canto I, of the “Purgatorio in Cary's translation. The Cross lies directly south of the constellation Crater, and about 30 degrees of the pole, The Precession of the equinoxes is carrying the Cross steadily southward and it is said to be a fact that the constellation was last seen on the horizon in the latitude of Judea about the time of Christ's crucifixion. I remember that at the season of the year we were at Assouan the four stars (perhaps only two of them, really) were barely visible on the horizon, for a short time in the early evening. Strictly between ourselves, I do not agree with Pigafetta that it is such a Croce maravigliosa,. but then I was more gradually introduced to it than he, and I didn't. see it with his deeply religious and fervent eyes.. One loses much, I fear, if unable to view the universe with the eye of faith} It must not be forgotten that Job saw it as a familiar heavenly series in his northern skies, as did many another ancient and reliable astronomer, - and yet they were not much impressed by this kitelike group. Let me add that of the four stars that outline the cross the third largest (Gamma, at the top of the Cross) is orange-colored; the others are white. ‘The Breadfruit Tree, as I have seen it in the West Indies, South: America — andaonsthese islands, is a very handsome ornament of the landscape. The common variety (Artocarpus incisa) may grow to a weight of 50 feet and, with its long, dark, glossy leaves, at once attracts attention. The fruit is round-oval, is about the size of a child's head and is covered with lozenge-shaped eclovations « The unripe fruit is green; yellow when mature, For cooking, it should be gathered before it is fully ripe. The fruit is then baked and served with the rind, oftor thettanner of our squash, Stones are heated in the usual Polynesian fashion (or 4 more up-to- date oven is used), the breadfruit is cut in three or four slices, and then alternate layers of hot stones, leaves and cut fruit are well covered with leaves and earth and left to cook in their own judges. Prepared in this fashion the pulpy interior is a faintly sweet, starchy substance suggesting the crumb of a wheaten loaf. I cannot say that I regard it as more than a poor substitute for our white bread, but -- de gustibus, However, Alfred R, Wallace, in his Waley Archipelago, rates its food-value very high, and Says that with meat and gravy it seemed to him superior to any starchy pro- duct in any temperate or tropical country. He also draws attention to the delicious puddings that can be made from it - especially if one adds plenty of sugar, milk and butter! Perhaps the most important consideration, as “allace also points out, is that a fair quality of flour can be manufactured from the dried fruit, available for a decent variety of bread and biscuits. I suppose there is no harm in adding that the bark, trunk and gum of this tree is (or was) used by the natives of Polynesia for making all sorts of things - canoes, baskets, etc, For me the chief attraction of this subject lies in the fact that we have sailed relatively near the scene of the greatest breadfruit story in all history. I cannot, therefore, resist speaking about it, although it is to you a more than twice-told tale. I first ran across the story of the Pacific Breadfruit, when, as a small boy I was eagerly reading that wonder- ful story, more fascinating than any dime novel, the adventures of the crew of H.M,S* "Bounty". I owe my maternal grandfather,a naval captain,a con- Siderable debt for passing on to me when I was still a boy a collection of books that included an account of this great adventure. Much of it was devoted to the exploits of ships and sailormen that are the common heritage of all the Anglo-Saxon races.- In 1772, William Bligh, then only 18 years of age, accompanied Captain Cook on his second expedition to the South Seas (1772 = 1774) as sailing master of the "Resolution". The young man was greatly interested in the new world that was in this way opened up to him, and made a particular study of the Polynesian flora and fauna, When the expedition reached Otaheite (Tahiti) Bligh became acquainted with the wonderful Breadfruit, and talked and wrote so much about jt that his fellow officers nicknamed him 'Bread- fruit Bligh’, At the end of 1787 he was sent to Polynesia in command of H.M.S, "Bounty" to gather breadfruit and other plants for cultivation in the West Indies. The expedition gained Otaheite in the spring of 1783, What happened shortly afterwards is told by Lieut. Bligh in a small volume en- titled "The Mutiny on Board "Bounty". - "We salied from Otaheite April 4, 1788, having on board 1015 fine breadfruit plants besides many other valuable fruits of that country which we had been collecting for three and twenty weeks, and which were in the highest state of perfection." Two weeks later he was seized in his cabin by the ship's master of arms and two others of the crew, pinioned and threatened with death if he made resistance. The crew also seized most of the other officers and gained control of the ship, The captain and 17 others were forced into the ship's longboat, 25 mutineers remaining on board. Lieut. Bligh and the seventeen, touching at several Islands by the way, finally reached Batavia and eventually England. The Mutineers sailed the "Bounty" to Tahiti, where most of them elected to re- main, Six of these were later apprehended, taken to England, placed on trial and three were executed, Ieantime, in 1790, Fletcher Christian, the leader of the mutiny, eight other Englishmen, six Polynesian men and twelve Polynesian women embarked on board the "Bounty" and, after cruising about the Paumotuas, took possession of Pitcairn on the outskirts of that archipelago, This island is a mountainous, volcanic uplift area dout two square miles, with several fertile valleys. Here this curious colony, having burned the "Bounty", Seems to have disappeared from the sight and knowledge of man. By the year 1800 all but one Englishman - Alexander Smith, who assumed the name of John Adams = had died. He appears to have been one of the few colonists to pre- serve a sense of responsibility, as he gained the respect of the natives and induced them to bring up their children in at least a semi-civilized fashion. it was not until 1808 that the lost colony was discovered - by an American vessel, the "Topaze", Later other ships touched at Piteairn and brought news of the mutineers' descendants to the outside world. John Adams lived until 1829, and was succeeded by George Nobbs ag Chief Magistrate. Through fear of drought, the whole colony were returned to Tahiti in 1830 on a British man-of-war, but they disliked the change, pined for their beloved Pitcairn and were sent back in 1831. The Pitcainers thereafter had an up-and-down career for another 25 years, when, in 1856, 60 married and 134 youngsters, were again removed, this time to Norfojk Island. As time passed, a number (40) returned to Pitcairn, so that in 1895 the population was about 170 souls. The Pitcairn people continue to Speak the patois, mostly composed of the Tahitian of the original Polynesian women, that arose out of the mixed races that migrated in the days of the "Bounty" and, although they show some of the signs of inbreeding conseouent on their century of complete isolation, are, as a rule, intelligent and, for Polynesian half-breeds, are an active and virile race. The romantic story of the "Bounty" excited much interest all over the world, and attracted the attention of Lord Byron, then approaching the end of his tragic career. He further immortalized the mutineers ina poem = the last long one from his pen - entitled "The Island", from which (Canto I) I quote a few lines:- "Friendly Island for which the mutineer longed, and for which he risked his soul: Wide 6're the wave - away { away 4 away 4. Once more his eyes shall hail the welcome bay, Once more the happy shores without a law Receive the outlaws whom they lately saw; Nature and Nature's Goddess - Woman =< woos fa lands, save their conscience, none accuse; - Where all partake the earth without dispute, And bread itself is gathered as a fruit Where none control the fields, the woods, the streams:- The goldléss Age, where Gold disturbs no dreams, Inhabits or inhabited the shore, Till Europe taught them better than before; Bestowed her customs and amended theirs, But left her vices also to their heirs. Away with this ! behold them as they were, Do good with Nature or with Nature err. “Huzzas for the Otaheite" was the cry As stately swept the gallant vessel ty." It is due to the memory of tim. Bligh, who rose to distinction and became an admiral in the British navy, that the mutiny on his ship was no fault of his rule, but was the outcome of relations established between nembers of the crew and the women of the enchanted isle of Otaheite, an attraction that seems to have retained much of its force since the day that Cook sailed into the lagoon = harbor of Papeete! Several friends have asked me whather the descriptions of tropical Scenery and of tropical life + human, floral and feral - that one reads as part of the voluminous literature of Polynesia, are not largely figments of the literary inagination? To this TI answer; "generally speaking, no; but not infrequently, yes." After all, the verdict depends upon the individual. Some there are who see only the beauty and the romance that is Oceania, while others, following an identical itinerary see little that is satisfactory and learns only that Polynesian man is vile. Some are convinced that on these tropical islands "every prospect pleases" and that only the human element is objectionable; contrarivwise, there are those who find all jungles and all atolls alike and that only the aboriginal or the "introduced" beach-comber is of interest. In all probability the truth lies mid-way. In any event I feel certain that the unprejudiced observer will always discover a continued charm in a country that is wholly new, remarkably varied as one travels from one island group to another and full of natural history wonders. Possibly the following descriptions, that I jotted down in my notebook from time to time may appear to be sentimental exaggerations and worthy of being classed with the productions of South Sea "“fakirs," but they were, at the time of observa=_ tion at least, genuine impress ions :- One evening, half an hour before sunset, when E. and I were on the deck of our steamer then lying in the Papeete lagoon, she drew my attention to the fact that the two large islands, Tahiti and Moorea, the latter 20 miles distant, are admirably situated for displaying the wondrous magnificence of a tropical sunset. And so it proved on that occasion. Betiveen the islands, in the roadstead, is a toy islet, with its Quota of palms and other trees, that does duty as a quarantine station. Some=- time after the mountain peaks of Moorea obscured the setting sun, the weird and loftier erags of Tahiti were brilliantly lighted by solar streamers that Seem to stretch across from the sister island. As the sun sank below the true horizon and tha shades of tropical evening deepened into night all our surroundings - océan, sky, mountains and islet - became the scene of fairy- like, kaleidoscopic, ¢olor transformations that changed every minute, punctuat- ed by the distant but regular roar of the breakers on the barrier reef and the cool “whiffs" of the delicious land breeze one may with confidence look for at nightfall in most of the southern tropics. We agreed that we had seen as lovely Sunsets elsewhere, but none with such a remarkable environment, Here is another note:- Last August (at the end of the Southern winter) I wished to study(in their wild state) the beautiful Fruit Pigeons of Fiji, and for that purpose took a native cutter bound for Kandavu, a mountainous, volcanig island, the most southerly of the Viti group; and in the fifties an American whaling station of sorts, Kandavu is about 27 miles long, four wide, and lies 60 miles from Viti Levu. This charming volcanic uplift is practically shut off from the world, ‘On it are only four or five white planters who have no telephones or tele- graph stations, no roads and no post offices worth talking about, There is no communication with the other islands except by occasional-very occasional- Fijian craft. Now and then a native journeys from one village to another over ill-kept jungle trails, almost impassible to Buropeans. WMy artist com- panion - a dextrous painter of animal life - and I put up at the hospitable home of I. and Mrs. M., educated English people and the only Europeans on the western end of the island. Their house was built on an eminence, itself surrounded by verdure-clad hills, except towards the northwest where an open- ing in the hilly amphitheatre furnished a view of a beautiful bay. In its turn the bay was protected and cut off from the ocean by a coral reef that contimous- ly threw up a succession of many-sounding breakers whose outlines were plainly visible by contrast with the blue waters of the bay. Trees of every tropical variety, both wild and cultivated, covered the bowl of this ancient crater, while birds of many kinds - parrots, parakeets, sun birds, Fiji "robins", honeyeaters, fantails, pigeons, doves, hawks, gave additional color to the Jandscape and lent musical notes to the loud babbling of a brook that ran past the house on its way to the ocean. As if to perfect this Fijian paradise, the white blossoms of several Frangipane trees blew their strong fragrance through our rooms day and night. Unless I was too fatigued from tramping over hill and dale through the rather difficult jungle, I rose an hour before day-break that I might refresh myself (oh! the satisfaction of going abroad only in pajamas and slippers) by drinking in the glories of the starlight sky, much of which I had seen in 1923 for the first time. Standing well within the bowl of the long inactive grater, the oncoming dawn was an entirely new experience. As the eastern heavens lightened, the shadows of the valley beneath appeared to deepen, but at last the honeyeaters began their earliest notes, and with these matin songs the outlines of cocoa palms, breadfruit trees, mangoes, bananas and other plants assumed individuality until over the edges of the green-rimmed hills streamed the first rays of the morning sun. They fell upon the opposite slopes, bringing with them a perfumed atmosphere redolent of the ever-flower- ing trees, shrubs and vines that clothed the green hillsides to their very tops . Of course, the wonders of rosy-fingered dawn have been celebrated in song, verse and prose Many times these thousand years, bub my contention is that when dark night rolls back into the ocean around wild Kandavu it does so in a fashion 411 its om. ther sunrises may be as impressive and as beautiful, but when viewed from the Korolevu crater they have charms inherent in their environment -- charms due to just those every-day surroundings that are tropical life. What is true of the scenery, the flora, the fauna and the meterqlogy of Polynesia is also true of its human element. I am quite sure that while writers of Oceanic fiction often drav upon their boundless stories of paste- board heroes and heroines for tales that are largely products of an excited imagination, there are many lives at this moment being lived on the isiands of the South Seas that properly belong either to a century in advance or several hundred years behind our ovm times. I wish I had the space and the permission to relate the intimate histories of some waifs and strays as well as of some idealists whose acquaintance I made during my sojourn in Central Polynesia. The obgection of publishing the recitals would be the raising of doubts as to their reality, whether such individuals live within the realms of fact or fiction. So, I would say, notning any South Sea romancer may write is likely to transcend the limits of the possible so long as he deals with human beings! Of course we were much interested in and always on the watch for a sight of an albatross. Ever since the days that we were set the task of ‘learning by heart’ the immortal "Rime" E. and I had him in mind, and now we were about to see him in the flesh’ The Pacific coast is occasionally the resort of four humble members of the family, but aot of "the bird that made the wind to blow." He, the Wandering Albatross (Diomedea exulans), is almost pure white; the back showing narrow, transverse, wary dark lines, the quills of the wing feathers being black. Some writers probably exaggerate this bird's spread of wing; Ridgway says that it is about eleven feet (from 125 to 130 inches). The bill is yellow, becoming orange at the base, Vany are the descriptions of the wonderful powers of flight showm by this denizen of the southern ocean, For instance, Greenbie is moved to use the following language:- "But chill and melancholy as was that Southern sea, there hovered over it a creature whose call upon one’s interest was more than compensating. Swooping with giant wings in careless ease, the albatrosses follow us day in and day out. Always on the wing, awake or asleep, in sun- shine or in storm, the air his home as water is to fish, and earth to mammal. Even the ship was no lure to him by way of support. He followed it, accept- ed whatever was thrown him from it, but as for dependence upon it,-- no such weakness. Swift, huge, glorious, unconsciously majestic, he is indeed a bird of good omen. How he floats with never a sign of effort! How he glides atop the waves, skims them, yet is never reached by their flame-like leapings; simultates their motion without the exhaustion into which they sink inces- santly, He does not gorge himself as does the sea-gull, nor is he ever heard to screech that selfish, hungry, insatiable screech, Silent, sadly voiceless, rhythmic, symbolic without being restrained by pride of art, he exemplifies right living, de is our link between shores, the one dream of reality on an ocean of opiate loveliness wherein there is little of earth's confusion and pain. For the traveller he keeps the balance between the deadly stability of land life and the dream-like mystery of the sea. But for him it were impos- sible to come so easily out of an experience of a long voyage. Away down there he is the only reminder of reality, Which explains the reverence sailors have for him and the superstitious dread of killing him. Land may be said to begin where the albatross is seen to depart. He lmovws, and off he swoops, ship or no ship to follow or to guide; back over the thousand miles of watery waste, to measure the infinite with his sixteen-foot (sic ) wings, glide by glide, with the specd of a twin-screv turbine. Only when the female enters the breeding season does she seek @ lost island to rear her young. Independent of the sea, these birdsare utterly confined to it, a mystery float- ing within mystery.” Major Le Souef reports (Emu,p. 53, 1922) that during a recent trip to England from Sydney Diomedea exulans was much in evidence, and was a faithful follower of the ship. As soon, however, as the outside temperature rose above 70 degrees Fahr. at 4 o'clock P.M, the Wandering Albatross invariably left the track of the ship and flew southward in search of cooler weather. In other words, LeSouef thinks that temperature is an important factor in determining the range of this bird. He calculated the flight of these albatrosses at from 20 to 40 miles an hour. He also noticed that the Atlantic adults have more brown in their plumage than those he saw in the Indian ocean, the latter pre- senting beautiful, pure white wings whose silvery tones are heightened by their black tips. I have also noticed the effect of temperature on range (and have re- ported it in the same journal) relative to the New Zealand albatross (Dionedea regia), that I regard as the most beautiful, although it is not the largest of the albatrosses. While on the subject of the Albatross one ought, I suppose, t> resist the temptation to quote part of Coleridge's great poem. Although it is hackneyed, oft-quoted and the chant of every school boy, it is, nevertheless, immortal, After ninety-nine per cent,of current verse, good, bad and indifferent, has been cast. into the gehenna of forgetfulness, these deathless lines will appear as fresh and as popular as ever. Perhaps the explanation lies in the fact that this wondrous bird story furnishes a common ground - possibly the only neutral area - on which all the "doxies", ortho-and hetero, may meet in peace and con- cord - the tale of the sinner and his sin; his repentance, his penance and his final redemption, Naokomekickk a great sea-bird, called the Albatross, came through the snow-fog, and was received with great joy and hospitality.” "And a good south wind sprung up behind; The Albatross did follow, And every day, for food or play, Came to the mariner's hollo" And now the grievous sin:- ; "God save thee, ancient IMariner, From the fiends that plague thee thust-- Why look'st thou so?" -+ "With my cross-bow I shot the Albatross." . FoR ACKER "And I had done a hellish thing, And it would work "em woe: For all averred, I had killed the bird That made the breeze to blow", Eyen when they changed their minds, the ship became becalmed, and the Albatross was avenged:- "Ah! well-aeday! what ovil looks Had I from old and young} Instead of the cross, the Albatross About my neck was hung.” But “by the light of the Moon he beholdeth God's creatures of the great calm; their beauty and their happiness, ani he blesseth then in his heart." The spell begins to break, and := "fhe self-same moment 1 could prays And from my neck so free The Albatross fell off, and sakk i Like lead into the sea" -= just the experience of Christian but with a different burdeni And when he had been duly shriven" throughout his future life an agony constraineth him to travel from land to land to teach the gentle doctrine, not without need i:1 our own day, that “He prayeth well, who loveth well Both man and bird and beast, He prayeth best, who lovest best All things both great and small," Finally, here is a fact worth remembering, espec.ally if you are inter~ ested in early editions, The first printing of the Riise was made privately for the author; and the edition commonly accepted as fzrst is not, as a matter of fact, actually the first - even if you are fortunate: and rich enough to acquire a copy on any of the rare occasims when it is offered for sale, be- cause, bearing the same date, is a smaller but infinite ly scarcer 1l2mo, an example of which, I understand, is not in the library ¢f the British ifuseum nor in most of the famous collections of English peetry, but just where it ought to be -- in the home of the albatross himself. When we were in Wellington, N.Z., it was my privilsge to be shown over the marvellous Alex. Turnbull collection, willed to the Dominion by the owner, who spent a large fortune and a lifetime in gathering it. Here is to be seen, among hundreds of rare bindings and still rarer manuscripts and books, every publication directly or indirectly bearing on Australasia and most of Polynesia. The log of the "Discovery" is there, so is the only mown copy of the first print made in New Zealand ~ the Catechism in the Maori language, and here is to be seen the first edition, privately priuted for the author of Coleridge's Rime of the Ancient Mariner. Another bird I longed to see in the South Seas was Phaethon rubricaudus, the Red-tailed Tropic~bird, largest of the species, He derives his name from the bright crimson-red of his elongated and very attenuated retrices. His mandibles are alSo red, and, when full-growm, his white plumage is tinted a deep roseate hue -- altogether a beautiful bird, I wrote from South America of my experiences with the Yellow-billed Tropic-bird (P. flevirostri), (called “long-tails" in Bermuda) and I was on tiptee to sec his relative flying about the southern ocean, VYoreover, I hoped to see a young bird, with the black, arrow-head markings on its back. I also wondered whether those barbarians who shoot this lovely creature for the bright red feathers of his tail, (let us not forget those participites criminis who wear them) are still at their nefarious work, a: av ee Stevenson, one of the most careful observers, several tines speaks of the southern tropic bird, In one instance he makes, however, a mistake which is quite pardonable, and which has been made by others, in supposing that there is but one, and not two, long feathers in the bird's tail -- an error due to the fact that in moulting the feathers are renewed irregularly and, in conse- quence, one feather frequently projects much beyond its fellow and gives the appearance of a single plume, The paragraph referred to is from "The Ebb Tide", Pe 130:- “ekeeeee around and about the schooner a tropic vird, white as a snowe flake, hung and circled, and displayed, as it turned, the long vermil- ion feather in its tail," When E, and I were climbing the long but beautifully shaded trail that zigzags the slopes of It, Vaea on our pilgrimage to Stevenson's tomb, we saw, sailing up and down the valley beneath us, a splendid red-tail, flying directly over Vailima, Perhaps he was a descendant of one of the poet's birds. Mr, D. McDonald, Chief Officer of the 5.5. "Tahiti", who for vears has studied the oceanic life of Pheaethon rubricaudus, tells me that these birds come on board practically always at nigmt; and when they do so it is not (or rarely) because of exhaustion or because they are blotm aboard but because they are attracted by one or other of the ship’ lights, They generally fly directly at the lantern, and are often stunned by the impact, They thon fall onte the deck and, owing partly to the confusion produced by the blow, are unable to fly off again, Mr. MeDonald does not think that the injury is alone responsible for their helplessness (that generally leads to their capture); in addition, they seem unable to get a grip on the smooth, often slippery, deck without which they cannot acquire the headway necessary for upward flight. Nor does ne believe that, as may obtain in the case of insects, they are lured by the illuminated lantern as such, for no seasbird would deliberately smash into an object, especially one so visible as a night-light unless he were de- ceived as to its solidarity. Wo; the fact is the bird thinks, so avers ir. MeDonald, that the lighted area of the lantern end its immediate surroundings Constitutes an exit into daylight beyond, We all Imow thet a bird in a darke ened barn er other enclosure easily discovers and flies through a hole or other opening that gives on the daylight, It is not that he is attracted by the light-area of the exit, but he visualizes and seeks, by means of the open- ing, the free air of heaven veyond. Thus it is with certain birds at Seas they expect to fly through the light and not at it. The dork or dinly-lighted canopy of the night rcpresents to thon a sort of anto-chambor of the doy; the light at the mast-head is one of, it may be, many openings through which the great, diurnal outdoors may be reached. Pensieri vani for the bird, you may say, but not more vain, is it, than the beliefs ehocrty the eduses of dave light and darimess that were devoutly held by educated end polished races of mankind not so many years ago! I cannot recolledt that Cactke or any other observer of tighthouse tragedies has explained them in this fashion, but the Chief Officer's theory sounds feasible to me. At any rate I give it for what it may be worth, Then, there is that other question in comparative psychology to answer:- Is there in this seareh for light, evidence of a superior of or an inferior’. ovian iutelligence? ~ because we know that there are sea-birés thet follow or fly abowt ships, who are not attracted by lights in this manner - evils, pet- rels, albatrosses, for example, The last is certainly no Ajax, although he is a faithful attendant upon the mariner. He cares not at all for the radiant circle about the ship's lantern, Hither it arouses no longings in his breast for the coming day, or he knows that the light is a solid, impenetrable body, not to be.trifled with. Or he is too wary and suspicious to take a chance; or he does not think about the matter at all, As for us - who are so profoundly certain that the whole universe was made for our convenience and delectation- what can we actually know about such mysteries? What follows is more important; and it uniformly happens. When the Bosun Bird has had a good rest and has recovered from the insult of the lantern, the sailorman takes him, closed wings between kindly hands, and with a “ho-ye-ho" throws him well into the midair of the morning sunshine; and so, at last, Pheaethon, like his namesake, comes into his owns Among the many Australasian avifauna that I was set upon seeing in their native surroundings if possible, was the lyre Bird - familiar to every one who has read about the curiosities of the "Lonely Continent." It is only the full-grown male that has the wonderful tail -- composed of sixteen feathers, the two outer curved to form that remarkable lyre-shaped ornament that distinguish- es it from any other species, The best known and the most highly ornamented species (Menura superba) is a native of New South Wales and southern Queensland, It is about as large as a small turkey, The possession of this beautiful and wondrous tail is not, however, the only unusual quality that distinguishes this peculiar bird; he is a fine singer and peerless mimic. Just how he came to be included in the Pseudoscines, or False Song Birds, is difficult to understand, considering that mis musical abil- ity has been known and recognized from early Australian days. Another accom- plishment is his well-developed powers of mimicry, This additional attainment was especially insisted upon by an Australian ornithologist, guest of the British Ornithologists! Club, when I was in London last summer. He claimed that the male Menura is unequalled in this respect; and we know that many other observers have recorded instances of this curious trait. One gentleman had a Lyre-Bird a3 a pet around his farm in Australia for a great many years. "There was nothing he could not imitate. The following are a few of his mimicries; the noise of &@ horse and dray moving slowly, with the play of thewheels in the axle-boxes, y chains rattling, etc.; an occasional 'Gee up, Bess'; the sound of a violin, piano, cornet, cross-cut saw, and so on. All the more frecuent noises heard about the farm the bird learnt to perfection, such as @ pig being killed, a dog howling, child crying, cries of a flock of parrots, jackass laughing, and many calls of small birds," It was a rare privilege for me to see in company with Dr. LeSouef, Director of the Sydney Zoo, and a number of other distinguished ornithologists, three of these remarkable birds in the National Park, exhibiting the best of their mimetic and other stunts. You can imagine how lucky I.was when Gould relates that he was a year in Australia without seeing one, although he heard manyt I never see the name Norfolk Island (past which we sailed) without recalling the image of a transplanted but perfect example of its so-called Pine = the beautiful Araucaria excelsa - 60 feet high, delicate green, and straight as a die, that one may at any time see near the Hotel del Coronado, This symmetrical beauty performs the useful function, each holiday season of a live, outdoor Christmas tree, Bedight with colored electric lights from its Spreading base to its conical top, it is easily the observed of all observers, and both day and night is a most attractive object. As if further to fit the purpose for which it is borrowed, the extreme apex of the tree terminates in & Sort of Maltese cross, and forms a convenient and appropriate enchorage for the traditional Star of Bethlehem! It was Captain Cook who discovered and christened the island - after the ducal femily of the same name. He says of the tree:- "The chief produce is a sort of spruce pine, which grows in abundance amd to a great size, many of the trees being as thick, breast high, as two men Could fathom, and exceeding straight and tall, It resembles the Quebec pine" - and we must not forget that for several years the Captain cultivated the acquaintance of Lower Canadian timber, There is, or rather was a beautiful Norfolk Island parrot of which not 6ven @ birdskin remains = only a Single drawing to perpetuate its memory. And thus are passing many another species and race of Polynesian faunas It was reminiscent of home to find the Varbled Godwit in North New Zealand, The last place I saw this graceful bird was on the beach near San Diego, the end of February, 1923. I am also reminded that there is at least one com- pensation in visiting Australasia during the "off" season for birds; one sees Some old friends in the shape of migrants who for reasons of their own fly across thousands of miles of ocean to Spend the winter in that delectable land. It might be supposed that all birds that insist on breeding in countries with a Snowy Season would, after a dozen or two generations of experience, seek the nearest warm or moderate winter climate furnishing sufficient food, However, as every budding ornithologist knows, some do not, and perhaps not even the most erudite and experienced student of bird behavior knows always why. In any event, the attempted solution of this problem has added much literature to distributional ornithology, and it is still coming in. Speaking again of Godwit migration, at the northern extremity of North Island, New Zealand, is the Bay of Spirits - so called from the Waori belief that the souls of the dead take - their flight into the other worid from this locality, It is an uninhabited lonely coast, the last stepping-off place, as it were, and would appear to be appropriate for the purpose assigned to it by a barbaric but imaginative race, There is, however, another reason, probably the reason, for this tradition;= ern tip of long and narrow New Zealand is the rockyyplateau where the Godwits assemble in thousands for their anual return to Siberia, It must bo a wonderful and awe-inspiring sight. Even the mattor-ofsfact Buller (anual, P, 56) is moved to theso words:- "Rising fron the beach in a long line and much clanour, thoy form into a broad semicircle, and mounting high in the oir, generally take a course due north: sometimes they riso in o confused manner ; and, after circling about at & considerable height, return to the beach to re- form, as it were, their ranks, and then make a fresh start on their distant -y The departure from any fixed locality usually begins on almost the exact date year after year; and for a weeic or ten days after the migration hes commenced fresh parties are constantly on the wing, the flight generally taking place about sunset, and sometimes after dark." Does it nov seem likely that a pecple of our own Aryan stock might easily translate this truly wonder-working episode into the belief, so firmly held by most aboriginals, of a happy humting ground to.which journey the spirits of the dead when this fitful fever called life has run its course? Not only is the Parson-bird (Prosthemaderma novae-zealandiae) or Tai, as he is called by the Maoris, one of the most strixing out he is also among the most interesting of the New Zealand avifauma, Imagine a bird about the size and general appearance of our common crow, generally of a metallic bluish or greenish black, the upper fart of his neck wearing a collar of gray, thread- like plumes with an outward curve. There is also a prominent white spot near each shoulder, and from the throat of the adult bird hang two tufts of white, curly feathers that look for all the vorid like the white bands of an ecclesiastic! ifereover this prominent "choker" can readily be seen as the bird flies about from tree to tree; and it is impossible to mistake him for any other species. In the Auckland district he is most likely to be found in the "ranges", so, one fine day, FE. and I, accompanied by Mra Ro Ao Falla, (RwA.O.U.) of Devonport made a field trip to these hills where we saw a number of Tuis, beautiful Pied Fantails (Rhipidura flabellifera), Silver Eyes, (Zosterops caerulescens), and many another beauty in the tree ferns, shrubs and other foliage; while, flying hich in air, was a flock of Black Swans, a Hawk (probably Nesierax australis), a colony of Parrots - very likely of the intro- duced Rosella Parakeet = and a number of others, We took our luncheon on the Slope of a gulley whose sides and bottom were covered with a wonderful array of Tree Ferns, while our table-cloth (rug) was spread on a bed of New Zealand bracken of sufficient thickness to raise it well above the level of our feet. Here, while we discussed our simple meal with an outdoor appetite, Falla, an experienced ornithologist, gave the Tui cali and before long there was an J answer from the depths of the forest. Then two birds came within plain sight, and after looking us over approached so that with our glasses we could study them in every detail, even to the whitish line that separates the nuchal feathers and the white spots on the wings. Greenbie, (The Pacific Triangle - 1921 says of the Parson Bird:- "No sound of bird in any of the many countries I have been to has ever: filled me with greater rapture than did this. There are thousands of skylarks in New Zealand, brought from England, but had Shelley heard the Tui he might have written an ode more beautiful even than that to the "blithe spirit" he has immortalized,” High praise that! The same author also refers to the lamentable decrease and disappearance of most of the varieties of bird life in New Zealand which, by the way, seems to be true of almost every other country that civilized man has invaded ,***x*x "the feathery folk have vastly decreased since the coming of the white man. No wonder that a Maori chief, in complaining of the decay of his race, said ‘Formerly, when we went into the forest, and stood under a tree, we could not hear ourselves speak for the noise of the birds -- every tree was full of them. Now, many of the birds have died out". Do what we will, the ordinary and in- evitable practices of civilized man in following what he is pleased to regard as sport, in cutting down the forests, in draining lands -- in his mere proximity -- are fatal to the existence of great numbers of our most desirable and useful species. Let us, then, do what little we can to conserve those that remain to us by the setting aside of sanctuaries and forest preserves, by judicious feed- ing and by the employment of all other means whereby the elimination of these attractive and useful elements in our daily lives can be arrested. Buller (Nanual, p. 10) remarks that "Owing to its excellent povers of mimicry, and the facility of rearing it in confinement, it is a favourite cage- bird, both with the natives and with the colonists, Although of very delicate constitution, it has been known to live in confinement for upwards of ten years. Wore frequently, however, it becomes the subject, after the first year, to con~ vulsive fits, under inh it ultimately succumbs. Cleanliness, a well-regulated diet and protection from extremes of temperature are the proper safeguards. Naturally of a sprightly disposition, it is cheerful and playful in captivity, incessantly flitting about in its cage and mimicking every sound within hearing. It will learn to articulate sentences of several words with clearness, and to imitate the barking of a dog to perfection. The Maoris appreciated the mocking powers of this bird, and devoted mich time and patience to its instruction.” Nr, Louis Griffin, of the Aukland Museum tells me that he once possessed a Tui, of whom he became very fond. This interesting animal not only reproduced many of the sounds he heard but repeated a number of short sentences appropriate te various occasions. He took a bath twice a day and on these occasions invariably dipped his head and white choker in the water as a first ablution, He then carefully preened himself drying and arranging his ecclesiastic insignia, after- wards taking a plunge that involved his whole body. Then, when the bath was fully concluded, he would fly to his master's hand, perch himself on it, and re- peat a portion of his conversational repertoire, ‘wice he escaped from the house and once he returned. On the second occasion, although he remained about the premises for a day or two and answered Mr. Griffin's call, it was the "time of the spring running" and he never came back, His former companion, as he looks at the distant ridges of the Auckland ranges, likes to believe that in some ~ one of their mountain fastnesses his Parson Bird still lives the happy life. The Pied Fantail must attract the pleased attention of every visitor to New Zealand, as it is to be seen almost everywhere on both Islands. It and its Australian cousin are among the most attractive of the small flycatchers. They seem to be constantly on the wing, performing (with tail wide-spread) the most varied and fantastic evolutions in their pursuit of flies and gnats invisible to our dull eyes; in fact they hold the blue ribbon for artistic gymnastics. The New Zealand bird is facile princeps flycatcher of the world Series. There are many reasons why the wore "gull", used as a synonym of "dupe" or "fool", is a misnomer. It is difficult to understand how this misapplication came about. I have made a study of gulls -- the birds, I mean -- for many years, and rank them high among the intelligent orders, In fact I regard them not only as types of avian grace and beauty but as examples of advanced intelli- gence; and in that respect I agree cordially with the views of the Finleys who, within the past year, have written a paper (see The Atlantic Monthly) on this selfsame subject. In my opinion and experience, gulls are by no means "gull- ible," Last summer we were staying for a short time at the Atlantic Hotel at Newquay; and, while at breakfast, we noticed a fullgrown Herring Gull fly from the seashore, a few hundred yards away, and light on the terrace close by the dining room, He was followed shortly by others and by still others until there were, perhaps fifty waiting about. My wonder at this strange phenomenon was soon satisfied; they, too, had come for breakfast, In a few minutes one of the hotel people arrived with a can of "leftovers", and it certainly was , a sight to watch the array of heads, wings, feet and bodies that forthwith hid, as by a dense cloud, the scattered piles of food. It was especially interest- ing to watch the late arrivals, fearful of being excluded from the feast. They literally threw themselves, screaming, into the struggling mass of white, grey and black feathers. As the birds were perfectly tame and unafraid, there was @ fair field for all, and I was sure no gull flew away without some scrap to satisfy appetite. I was informed that the bird feeding was held every morning at the same hour, and that the hotel guests regarded the ceremony as one of the ettractions of the place, When, more recently, E. and I came to Coronado, I began a similar practice, and soon had an expectant colony to feed on the sandy shore near our hotel, Quite a respectable collection of Western and other gulls gathered about 9:30 each morning, and when I appeared with a bag of “secouds", some twenty or thirty birds rose to meet me, and circled about my head until I arrived at the feeding ground. Then we had a sort of athletic "meet," One of the first contesys was staged by throwing into their midst a large, hard, breakfast roll, This edible was forthwith seized by a gull, who, unable to swallow it, at once made off, followed by haif a dozen others, in search of a place of safety. The pursued and the pursuers fhew a fine aerial course, the bird with his mouth full of bread often rising high in air, swooped, dodged and doubled. Finally, he broke away in a much wider circle than usual, intent on tiring out his pursuers, However, all these manoeuvers ended the same ‘way, in the dropping of the roll, to te caught up by a second gull and the continuation of the flight and pursuit. Hventually, some experienced bird would grasp the breakfast dainty and fly down the coast for half a mile or so until his pursuers abandoned the chase, But I noticed on these cecasions that the successful bird did not return; his time for the subsequent half-hour was occupied in soaking the hard bread preparatory to tearing it in pieces small enough for deglutition, Occasionally we substituted for the roll a hard-boiled égg. This much-prized article was immediately caught up and passed from one gull to another by vigorous action until it was either smashed by falling on a rock or until some bird with an abnormally wide guliet managed to swallow it. To accomplish this latter feat while being chased at full speed seemed no easy task; it is possible that it was sometimes accomplished only by crushing the egg between the mandibles of a particularly powerful gull, Another game we dubbed "guli baseball", We threw or bowled (as in nine- pins) grapes along the hard, smooth sand into the expectant crowd of birds, Some of them, impelled by wing and leg power, ran after the rolling grape and, now and then, caught it "on the fly", others swooped down on it from above; but the gull that eveked our applause faced us and with outstread wings and open mouth, "short-stopped" the grape in the most approved fashion. Some birds became quite expert at this game and rarely failed to catch the small fruit as it skipped or jumped along the sands, After a time we came to recognize individuals of the flock, One fat old bird, christened "Squawker". As soon as one of us appeared in sight this gull opened his mouth wide, emitted a series of loud, hoarse cries, and darting at the other gulls in his immediate vicinity proceeded to run amuck through the whole flock. This strategem, intended one may suppose, to intimidate the other feeders, he repeated every two or three minutes while the feast lasted. He rarely got anything to eat, however, unless food were thrown directly to hin; he was so busily engaged in squawking, airing his importance and in assaulting the neighbors thet the other gulls, meantime, had all the advantage and ate all the provender. I have been told that squawkers, their characters modified to suit a varying environment, exist among genera presumably higher than the laridae, but that statement must surely be an error of observations Of the fifty species of Gulls found all over the world, at least thirty inhabit the Americas, It is difficult to explain their complete absence from the immense ocean area between the South American continent and Australasia, It seemed as if we had missed something when, after the crowds of guils in San Francisco harbor and along the Pacific coast, we should have failed to see a Single one during the long journey to New Zealand. I presume little of the food the binds crave is available in the lagoons and atolls of Polynesia. Although I have studied these birds in many lands, I have never seen any of them catch fish after the manner of their cousins, the terns, On one occa-= sion I thought I saw a Wéstern Gull light on the water and pull out a fish, but of this I am by no means certain; the bird gave me little opportunity for in- vestigation, as he swallowed his catch at once, without taking wing. Moreover the prey. may have been a dead fish floating on or near the surface, I was, of course, fairly well acquainted with the hawking habit of our Laughing Gull (larus atricilla), as well as the Franklin and other species, and have seen in- dividuals of several of these hunting and catching insects and even field mice, swooping after them almost with the agility of sparrow hawks, In view of this lack of opportunity, I was much interested in the account furnished by a writer in the Contributor's Column of a recent Atlantic of gulls in South America that, unlike their northern relatives, dive to a considerable depth for fish:- “These birds are very similar to their cousins of the north; they are, though, less well groomed, and do not look as sleek and nice as their northern neighbors. The only noticeable difference is in the shape of the wing which has a decided break and not the even beautiful curve of the wing that the northern sea-gull has, From my home in Valparaiso I have watched these birds dive, and sometimes from a height of a hundred feet, It is a peculiar thing that they do this in flocks rather than singly. A most remarkable sight it is to watch - = to see 4 hundred or more birds turn, as if by one accord, close their wings and dive in after the fish. A beautiful sight it is, too, to see a flock of seagulls serenely circling above the waters dive, to catch for a moment the flash of the white feathers of their upturned wings in the sunlight, to see them strike the water, and again to see them bob up one by onee Of note is it that almost never did I see one return unrewarded," Did you ever notice a colony of gulls sitting quietly in the open? if there is little or no wind, and the day is bright, they stand or lie, either in a long line or in closer formation, facing the sun. And, by the Way, what a pretty sight - these smooth, well-groomed, statuesque, half-vwhite bodies, bathed in sunshine and artistically posed, as if for our pleasure and admiration. If there is little sun and no wind, they face in various directions; there is no uniformity in their ranks, If there is a high wind, however, they turn tovards the quarter whence it blows, probably to prevent ruffling of their feathers, and cooling of the skin surface, There must be a considerable difference between the acuity of vision in- gulls. I am not prepared at the moment to discus this matter, but I have never been able to repeat an experiment I made some years ago on the species -- L. ridibundus , I think, -- that is abundant on the Lake of Geneva. E. and I were visiting our niece Marjorie, then in school at Lausanne and during our excursions to Ouchy and other resorts along the lake shore it was my habit to carry with me a bag of grapes with which to feed the gulls. Parenthetically, all the gulls whose acquaintance I have made are very fond of grapes. I soon found that they would hawk the fruit when thrown one by one into the air. I then tried to find how small an object could be seen and caught in midair by these birds -- to discover that the smallest grape in my collection when tossed into the air was retrieved before it reached the water. I have not been able to repeat that little experiment with any of our Western or California Gulls. Referring once more to the Black-headed gulls whose acquaintance I culti- vated at Ouchy nearly twenty years ago, they mist not be mistaken for our Blackeheaded or Laughing Gull (L. atricilla ). Both are quite common birds” Within their respective ranges, but the Swiss species-is much smaller and its Plumage more charged with black than the American variety. Perhaps I was. among the first of those to whom my former teacher inthe London Hospital, Sir. Frederick Treves, refers in his charming book, "The Lake of Geneva," as visitors "who have so persistently fed these (Black~headed) gulls that they are demoralized, and wii} Shortly become, like the pigeons of Venice, a company. of tourist-supported idlers," That comparative large objects can be seized by some Western Gulls before they reach the earth was demonstrated to my satisfaction by a certain picnic party -- let us believe they were half-breeds = whom we encountered on the (Mexican ) Coronado Islands. These uninhabited islets are the resorts and breeding places of thousands of sea birds, and are occasionally visited by pleasure parties from the mainland, On this particular occasion a friend and I were spending a fow days on these "knife-blade" uplifts, studying their avifauna, It was in the middle of the breeding season and hundreds of nestlings were to be had for the taking. Evidently the "taking" had been excellent for three or four barbarian males in the party mentioned, because they had their pockets stuffed with live fledglings of several species and Sizes, which they Playfully threw, one by one, several hundred feet, to the boiling ocean beneath them. Few of the helpless victims of this savage form of sport ever reached the bottom; a gull, in every instance that I observed a Western Gull, caught them at some stage of the descent, and flew off to devour its prey, followed by one of more candidates for the feast. I draw the veil of decency over this gruesome incident; also over the threatening and winged words we s poke to the offenders, There was no more bird-throwing that day on the Coronados. As every mother knows, the color of her infant's ayes undergoes changes, more or less marked, during the first year or two after birth; but these ale terations are negligible when compared with the eyes of some birds. For ex+ ample, the very pretty, and often very tame, little Red-billed Gull (in New Zealand ycolept the Vackerel Gull) or Larus scopulinus, is born with dark-brown, almost black eyes, and yet by the time it is a year old they have changed al- most to a pure white. A similar alteration is noticeable in the iridic co lora- tion of the larger but equally beautiful Southern Black-backed Gull (Larus dominicanus), that ranges the whole Southern Hemisphere. Both these birds are easily domesticated; they act as valuable scavengers and are devourers of cater- pillars and other insect pests. Tt is interesting to see them about Australasian harbors and fields, doing their useful work, unafraid of man. The vulgar name, Bellebird is given to many quite different species in var- ious parts of the world, but in every instance it is applied because of the re- semblance of the bird's call-note to the tolling of a bell. I have already Spoken about the representative of these remarkable animals found in the nor~ thern parts of South America and I was naturally on the look-out for their Australasian congeners. The New Zealand bird is a Honey-Sucker -~- Anthornis , melanura -- alas, fast becoming extinct. It was this remarkable bird that attracted the attention of Captain Cook, On his second voyage, while his ship was lying in Queen Charlott's Sound, the crew heard bird-notes "like small bells most exQuisitely tuned", On the Australian continent two species, one also a Honey-Sucker, Vanorhina melanophrys, and another, a Shrike-like bird, are called Bell-birds. Of the former Buller says "Its notes, though simple, are varied and sweetly chimed, and as the bird is of social habits, the morning anthem, in which scores of the sylvan choristers perform together, is a concert of eccentric parts, producing a wild but pleasing melody, When alarmed or ex- cited they utter a strain of notes which I can compare only to the sound pro- duced by a policeman's rattle quickly revolved. This cry, or the bird-catcher's imitation of it, never fails to attract to the spot all the bell-birds within hearing ," One clear day I visited Quarantine Island, Auckland Harbour, as the guest of the Chief Engineer of the Harbour Board, Mr. We H, Hamer, himself a keen and well-informed naturalist. We found there many birds that I had no expectation of seeing among them many Bell-birds. The ordinary song of the New Zealand Species resembles that of the Parson Bird, and while we sat listening to what seemed to me to be a sustained Song a discussion took place among the ornith- ologists present as to whether the avian music we were hearing was that of a Tui or not. A portion of the Song certainly recalls the notes of a bell, and it has a metallic ring about it that serves to distinguish the call noves of the Ne Z. Bell-bird from the sustained and softer song of the Tui, but neither of them in any respect suggests the solemn tolling of the South American Bird, with his single, though prolongued note. The Australian chorus of performers reminds one of a chime, or of several mingled chimes, of small, silver-tongued bells, while the New Zealand performers make one think of the rendering of a musical number by minor brass instruments, Anthornis melanura is smaller than our robin (male, length, 7.5 inches; female, 6.4 inches), color generally light yellowish-green in the case of the male bird, but this mst be modified by stating that the head is steel-colored, while the tail is brownish black. The female is browner and less conspicuous, but both sexes are equally good singers. To distinguish the two Australian varieties, Manorhina melanophrys is called Beli Miner. Unlike the nearly pure white Guiana Bell-Bird, it is of a beautiful golden green plumage, except the wings and tail, which are dark brown. The eyes are dark brown, the legs and feet a light orange. In the case of this bird the notes seemed to me a faint tinkle, like the sound of distant sheep- bells, I heard a flock of 50 of these remarkable birds give a charming concert about a little lake 20 miles from Melbourne. Wr. He Re Haeusler,(Emu,vol, 22, Jane 1923) has had unusual opportunities to study the Kiwi (Apteryx mantelli), and finds his vision, during the day time at least, to be very poor. Chopped meat, worms, etc. flaced in front of these Wingless, nocturnal, New Zealand birds were apparently not preceived at all until they had been 'felt' by the super-sensitive terminals of their Jong mandibles. Both these articles of food as well as the entrances to worm holes were located by "tapping" about with their closed bills. Mr. Haeusler is convinced that in gathering food and for most other purposes involving local- ization, neither sight nor smell is to any extent relied upon; the bird locates objects mainly, and in many instances entirely by touch. Having found the en- trance to a worm-hole, the Kiwi enlarges it to a funnels shaped cavity and, after grasping the prey, pulls steadily upon the worm until the latter is tired out, looses its hold and is drawn to the surface, If alarmed, the Apteryx _ "plays 'possum" and with bill stuck into the ground keeps as still as death, its peculiar coloring making it difficult to see the bird as long as it does not move = the old story of protective coloration, From my own observations of this remarkable species I am convinced that its night vision is much better than its diurnal, as indicated by its liveliness at night and its pronounced orange-red fundus, which closely resembles that of the Owls. I had several opportunities of observing these birds and of examining their eyes in the London Zoo. What human deing is competent to interpret the workings of the unfettered avian mind? And yet the psychology of the wild (so-called) lower animal is much more definite and constant than that of domesticated and civilized man, The real meaning and vital relations of many acts performed by a wild bird are a closed book to us, It is true that we may now and then hazard a guess at what is going on within the brain (or other nerve centres) of our feathered re- latives, and often we may think we have lifted the psychic veil, but a study of comparative psychology must soon reveal the almost insurmountable obstacles that lie in our path. Here is a minor Froblem - A delightful house in 4 cer- tain California town where I was a guest, was set in a beautiful garden of five acres. About its centre was an artificial lilly-pond, the home of a pair of Piniond mallards, raised in captivity from the nestling age. Although they were nearly a year old when I first saw them, they never became very tame, and would not allow a stranger to approach them, During the migration season their Wild brethren visited them in small numbers, sometimes pausing a whole day on their long journey north or south, These incidents, combined with their come parative isolation, tended to keep them wary and suspicious. However, they always came to the call of the chauffeur and the master of the house, especially at meal time when they were fed with cracked corn, of which they were very fond. One day, however, the chauffeur brought with him to the feast a very tall step- ladder, which he placed close to the feeding table. The female mallard == the real head of the family -- inspected the strange contraption, suddenly turned tail, gave a succession of quacks, called to her companion and waddled off, down the lawn, into the water and sailed away, leaving the corn untouched. The chauffeur at once removed the ladder, but the ducks refused to come at his call and it was many days before he was able to bring them to his feet, call he ever so duck-like, or spread he an abundance of fodder, A trivial matter, you will properly say, but whet reasoning by the ducks - cr what instinet (if you prefer that word) = influenced them to take flight in apparent alarm? Possibly - for we can only speculate as to what boils and bubbles in the anatid brain - the _ two dueks had passed sentence on their one-time friend as a convicted traitor, who had tried to "double-cross" them by erecting some sort of blind, behimd which lurked an engine of death or danger of some kind, to them unknown. Not for the purpose of bringing forward an argument-in favor of the theory that birds and other animals reason and act, often 2s the resuit of a reasoned conclusion, but just to mention a rather amising incident in the life of one of the most intelligent of birds + the Sulphur-crested Cockatoo- I wish to draw your attention to the fact that birds sometimes suffer quite as much as we do from several kinds of mosquitos. These irritating and occasionally dangerous little pests bite them on various parts of their exposed bodies, but particularly on and about the eyes, and unless the sufferer is able to twist his neck suffi- ciently to buyy his head beneath the protecting feathers of the back, sleep may be out of the question. We were explaining to an intelligent lover of birds that in mosquitoeridden localities we always cover the cage of our John IlIrd with netting to defend him from attacks of the culex. "Oh, but my cockatoo has even a better plan than that; whenever the mosquitos bother him, and es- pecially at night, he takes his large, tin drinking cup, empties out the water and puts it like a cap over his head} It fits quite snugly but does not inter- fere with his breathing. If we put him under a mosquito net he still goes to Sleep with the cup over his head, but we hope to teach him that it is not then necessary." We would have doubted such a tale if told by some persons we have met, but we have every reason to believe this observers —~ Vany writers tell us all about the Polynesian Hermit Creb, and some of them speak as if he were peculiar to Oceania, As is wel know, this comic and at- tractive animal is widely distributed over the earth's surface under the forBid~- ding family names of Paguridae ana Farapasuridae; indeed, more than one (small) Species is rather common along the Atlantic Coast, The following is what one of our most reliable authors tells us about this ereature:=- The hermit crab is the best bait for fishing in the waters of the South Sea islands. There must be several varieties. I have counted three already: the _ ordinary, small brown one called kakara, the huge red one found in deep water, and the bleck, hairy kind, whose pounded-up body is mixed with grated coconut to extract the oil. This latter is called unga: in the old days the lowest class of RAROTONGA society was known by the same name meaning, i.se., that all their property couid be carried on their backs. The common variety is a good deal like the robber crab in habits; the natives go so far as to say that it is the same animal. The size of the kakara can be judged by the size of his shell, which may be as small as a thimble or as lerge as an orange. His soft and mus- cular body curls into the spiral of the shell and is securely anchored by a twist of the tail. The interior end reminds one of a tiny lobster; the same stalk eyes, same legs and strong claws, Maugre his name, he is gregarious." But let me tell you about a colony of Hermit land crabs I lmew quite well in Fijie One day I was patiently and vainly waiting to catch a glimpse of an ex- asperating lot of wild Jungle Fowl (near relatives of the ancestors of our farmyard rooster and hen) that I had heard cackling and crowing in the mountain forest of Bega (or Mbenga, as the Admiralty charts prefer to spell it, so the stranger may correctly pronounce the name of this geographically important is- land) and had come to rest on a trail about a thousand feet above and overlook- ing the ocean, Beneath me a little native village, whose chief was our host, lay scattered along a coral beach for half a mile. Barely visible over the edge of the cliff was the Chief's guest house and a small weir in which was in- prisoned a huge turtle for his chiefly table; turtle is taboo for any Fijian below the rank of Buli. Until the chief had, a few days previously, sent four 85 a present to the quadrennial Conference of Chiefs, the watery enclosure was pretty well filled with these ugly but toothsome chelonians. Beyond lay the bay and, basking in the sunshine on three native boats, sprawled a dozen or more sailors, among them two or three Solomon Islanders assisting the Fijians in a task in which the latter specialized, the South Seas form of the dolce far niente. The day was so beautiful that I forgot all about the “wild barn- yard” 1 had come sq far to soe, and gave myself up to imitating and sympathizing with the Polynesians in and on the water below mo. I happened to look at the partially covered path a few yards ahead of me and became aware dimly that the square of earth was moving ever so slowly dowm hill. A clearer view of this Spot revealed a well packed array of shellfish of all sizes, big, little and smallest, the last less than half an inch, the first, four or five inches across. Evidently a number of gastropod families were on the move and headed down the trail, This guess proved correct so far as the exterior shell was concerned but the live interior turned out to be an equal number of crustaceans = & large colony of hermit crabs on the march. With a stick I touched several heads to see them withdratm within the concha, and marvelled at the excellent | choice these creatures had made of properly sized shells, how well they fitted, how nicely concealed was each interloping crab in his armored retreat, secure from outside enemies, Engaged in these investigations, I did not notice, partly concealed as he was by the pathside vegetation, a figure that made me laugh and continue to laugh. .As this, the largest of the crabs, crawled out of the herbage into the cleared trail I saw that he was not garbed in appropriate dress, Instead of the outworn shell affected by all his companions, he was girt about by a segment of cocoanut that covered only part of his body, much as the conventional, un- clothed tramp is pictured as veiling his nakedness by means of a flour barrel. Indeed, the old crab looked like a disreputable "drunk", as he staggered along in his ancient, broken and weatherbeaten nut-shell. It was, of course, no fault of his that the mountain gastropods on Beqa did not grow large enough to furnish shelter and to meet the exigencies of adult fashion in dress. However, he kept step with the moving ranks, the ill-clad hermit forming the tear guard, staggering along until he was the only crab in sight. Then with a final wave of his antennae, as if in jaunty adieu, he rolled his shabby old shell into the leafy debris of the forest and disappeared from Iy sight. aLh— In the harbor of Apia lay H.M.S,"Laburnum" of the New Zealand navy, and just before we sailed for Tonga there was transferred to us from her a more or less tame, immature, female Fregeata aquila, The bird was destined to the Auckland Zoo, and the story ran that some officer on the warship had bought it, a captive of some months standing, from a native of Hull Island in the Phoenix group, My notes -- better skip them -- say that this Frigate Bird's general color is black-brown; upper perts dark brown; well-marked swallow-like, forked tail; upper mandible longer than the head, down-curved at the tip and slaty- gray; head and upper neck, cinnamon-buff; irides, dark brown; eyelids naked and provided with weak eyelashes; throat and about one-half of neck in front, deep red; gular pouch, if present, not marked; secondaries show feathers edged with white or gray; an irregular bar, two to three inches wide, runs through the center of the upper wing; abdomen, white. Legs weak; tarsus partly feathered; feet incompletely webbed, By reflect- ed light there is a metallic sheen on the blackebrown feathers of the back. He, or rather, if my guess should turn out to be correct, she soon became an object of considerable interest to the passengers. From her comparatively lofty perch on the gunwale of the life-boat that was set apart as her living room she gazed with unconcern at the admiring crowd below, Many times a day she scrambled from the depths of the life - boat to preen herself, expecially after a shower, and to dry and air her immense wings in the tropical sunshine. The ignominious part of the performance was that it was necessary to tie the bird by one leg to the thwarts, and the restraining rope embarrassed her ef- forts to perch and spread her wings, owing to her weak legs and her immense Wings; and it certainly was a beautiful sight to see her magnificent wing- Spread of not less than six feet, The officer who had new arrival in charge certainly did all he could te make Fregata comfortable, provided her with 4 box into which she retired whenever she wished, gave her ali the fish she could eat and all the water she could drink, In deference to the positive state- ments of a passenger, who proclaimed himself an authority 3 on Man-of-War Birds, she was provided daily with a ecn of sea water, that being the proper drink for this ocean going fowl, As this dictum sounded much like the ancient belief that parrots should never'be given water to drink - an obsession that has caused so much misery in the psittacine world - I deter- mined to investigate it, And sooner than I expected the opportunity arrived, because shortly we had a tropical downpour that thoroughly drenched the bird and her surroundings. It was good to watch the Frigate for the half hour the Storm lasted. She certainly enjoyed her bath, spreading wide her long, pointed Pinions to allow the cool douche to reach the hot skin of her sides and un- derparts, Now and then she would flap her wings to shake off superfluous water, but she did not retire to her box or make any other effort to avoid a full bath, But the way in which that bird Grank rain-water! For at least ten minutes she did nothing else - opening wide a capacious mouth to catch the drops that not only fell directly into the orifice but that ran down the sides ‘of the mandibles, First she opened her beak, then pointed it aloft, as if trying to drink in as much of the falling water as possible, and when she had secured all her throat would hold, made evident swallowing movements, There could be no doubt that for this bird at least soft water was a desirable beverage; and I can redily believe that in the upper air, where her félks spend most of their time, this performance may go on without the necessity of resting on the waves or of roosting on dry land. I never saw the Man-o'-War preen herself in the sense that so many other birds are wont to do. I have an idea that the very large birds do not, as a rule, indulge in that method of feather cleansing. I have noticed the large birds of prey, herons, anhingas, etc., preceed as our Frigate did, that is, shake their wings and body and then sit in the sun and dry themselves after a torrential shower-bath or plunge. After this thorough wetting, Fregata seemed content to hold her wings semi- extended, to flap them now and then, and to shake herself, dog-like, every two or three minutes; and then to let the warm sun do the rest. Every day I climbed to the bird's retreat, invariably to find that she appeared to have made herself entirely at home and was not at all alarmed by the approach of strangers. The most hostile act she was guilty of was to make 4 sort of grunting noise and open her beak at the intruder. As she was taken ] from the nest (probably, that is) and tamed by associatédén with a native family, the chances of becoming reconciled to captivity in a public zoo are good; yet these birds make very poor cage birds, generally dying of homesickmess, or the infections induced thereby, within a short time, The feathered animal whose home is the illimitable blue sky soon sickens even of the largest flight aviary and, though he may be only a robber and live by piracy, yet he prefers death to loss of freedom, There are few or no monkeys (or for that matter few other mannals) in eastern Polynesia, Perhaps the earlier voyagers from the mainland had not learned to carry them as pets, like many other native tribes, on their long sea excursions, or they did not survive the exposure incident to canoe life. In any event, it is not until one reaches islands relatively near the Asiatic coast -- Borneo, New Guinea, Java, the Celebes -- that simian life becomes abundant. It-is quite otherwise with the West Indies, where even to the pres- ent day monkeys are to be secn in tho mountains and uplands of Dominica, St. Vincent. Nevis and other islands, In some of these localities it has occa- sionally been necessary to chase away troops of mountain marauders from the cane fields and other plantations, so widespread were their depredations, Even in low-lying Barbados a few originally wild individuals still sur- vive in the remoter woodod ravinos, The Rector of ono of the parishes of this colony, to whom I am much indebted for information regarding certain Barbadian birds, is an enthusiastic naturalist, Among other quests, he is al- ways on the lookout for these rare species, His church, situated in the most hilly part of the island, overlooks a very pretty and romantic woodland, Qe Sunday, in the midst of morning prayers, he happened to look out of the open window, and lof just disappearing among the trees was the anim@1l for which he had long been searching, It was a bitter moment; he could not run out, surplice-clad, and desert his sacred office; there was nothing to do but wait and live in the hope of seeing the animal on another and freer occasion, The incident must have rankled, howover, beeause he said to me, “and that was not the first time I have boon placed in a similar embarrceing bee Spealsing of similar embarrassments, surely no occupant of a pulpit passed through a more trying half-hour than did a certain popular Bishop who, visiting a friend, rector of a church on the Coast, accepted an invitation to preach the morning sermon, It was a fine warm, Spring day and through the open windows and doors were wafted the mingled odors of roses, eucalyptus, pittosporum acacia, sweet alyssum and other fragrant flowers. Even the Sexton's dog, a big mongrel -- half Newfoundland, half bull -- had settled himself for a peace- ful nap, when Satan in the shape of a large mastiff walked leisurely into the church and wandered about as if he owned the place. Perhaps he might have got safely and quietly away if two or three worshippers had not tried to drive him out by subdued "hists" and "get outs". These sotto voce commands were just loud enough to wake up the home dog who, probabiy feeling that he was being called in an emergency, made one rush at the intruding stranger, and the fight was ons Up and down the aisles, in and out of pews, to the very steps of the alter these about equally matched brutes rolled, tumbled bit and growl- ed. For a short time the Bishop tried to ignore the incident, and proceeded with the sermon; then he stopped and waited, hoping that the excited sexton and a few volunteers might succeed in separating the contestants or be able to drag them outside the building, At the hazard of being themselves badly bit- ten, both methods were tried - and abandoned; the dogs were great, powerful animals enraged to the highest pitch of fury, and it would have been impossible for a dozen men either to separate or remove them by ordinary means, Meanwhile the thunders of the combat had reached the outside world, and to the rescue came a man with two pails of water and a determined look in his face. Despite the protests of some of the pew-holders in the immediate neighborhood, he dashed the cold water on the heads of the fighters -= with about as much effect as if ne had thrown it on the nearest lamp post. By this time the whole church organizetion was disrupted; the organist descendéd from his lofty perch, the choir boys and most of the other choristers, seated on the backs of pews that gave them an unobstructed view of the canine entertainment, could not resist the temptation to lay bets on their favorite dog. Some of the irrepressible smaller boys of the congregation even encouraged one or the other of the combat- ants by expressions that proved that this was not the first dog fight they had attended. Finally the Bishop and his assistants, removing their vestments, added a semblance of order and respectability to the otherwise wild scene. Pro- bably the duel would have continued until one or other of the dogs had been killed or totally disabled, had, not some expert thought of a large square car- pet ina house nearby, This was at last barrowed, brought to the church and with infinite difficulty and the combined efforts of several onlookers, the half-crazed animals were envloped in it -= much as one makes a bundle with a bandana handkerchief. The two dogs, struggling for breath, yet biting, howling and half-suffocated, were at length dragged into the open, where they were fin- ally torn apart. The visiting stranger limped off, and although the defender dog was so exhausted that he could not stand on his feet for some time it was found that he was less damaged than his opponent, owing probably to his armor of long, close, shaggy hair, On their way home, after an abbreviated sermon and prayer, the opiscopal party met a lady who apologized at length for her inability to attend the morning service. "Oh! the service,” said the Bishop, "that did not amount to much, but you missed the finest dog-fight that has ever been pulled off in St. Paul's," If you are not interested in flying-fish and their finny ways, just skip the next two or three pages, Not all these curious animals belong to the same genus or even to the same family. In one or other of their many forms they are found all over the oceanic world, The true flying-fish - perhaps we say true because it is the commonest Atlantic variety - is Exocoetus volitans. Following the flag (I suppose), it is also to be seen volplaning in ; Hawaiian waters, In this species the pectoral fins are as long as its body, To round out the collection of American fliers, we have the largest of ail the species, Exocoetes californicus ( vel Cypselurus californicus) - the Great Flying-Fish, 18 inches long - inhabiting the coastal tides of California. It is also appropriate that the zoologist who knows most about these piscian won- ders, should be Chancellor David Starr Jordan of Stanford University. The flight-mechanism and methods studied by him and his former assistants, Pro- fessors Gilbert and Evermann, are briefly as follows:- The flying fish of the open sea live in schools, and "fly"a distance of a few rods to an eighth of a mile, rarely rising more than three or four feet out of the water. Their movements in the water are very rapid, and from this alone do they gain the force that impels them through the water, The apparent vibration of the pec- torals in the air does not to any appreciable extent aid their progress over the water, On rising from the surface the movements of the tail are continued until the whole body is out of the water, The vibration of the pectorals is not a truly flying movement, but is due to the resistance of the air itself. In the water both ventrals are folded; when in air both pectorals and ventrals are spread to act as parachutes or wings, to hold the body in air. When the fish begins to fall, and its tail touches the water, the tail again begins to move, enabling it once more to resume flight. In full flight the fish takes advantage of the wind, turning about to fly with the favoring breeze." Although I have rather carefully watched flying- fish on several oceans and tidal rivers I have never been fortunate enough to see them "fly", i.e., use their latoral fins as a means of progression through the air. -Once 1 saw a school of freshwater flying-fish al00 miles up a tropical river but they belonged to a different genus, and perhaps order, than Exocoetus. During this journcy into the interior of South America, my four companions end i watched and discussed the movements of these small, sunfish-shaped skimmers of the river surface, They did not "fly" in the air so much as they skipped over the calm water of the Potaro in a perfectly straight line for from 5 to 20 yards by a sculling motion of the tail, The fore part of the rounded ab- domen also rested on the surface and seémed to furnish some support as the fish scudded along. Dr. Gifford, who watched many of these fish very critically, feels certain that he never saw one, on that journey, rise free of the water and actually "fly" through the air, like Exocoetus., On the other hand, he be- lieves he has seen Cypselurus californicus use his pectorals, like a hugh dra- gon-fly, as an actual propellor, He has not seen them fly morc than 100 yards and then not more than two or three feet above the waves, I have discussed this matter with many ob- servers, in particular with an old sea captain interested in natural history who had for hours at a time watched flying-fish all over the world. He ; placed the limit of flight in anv species he had seen at two hundred yards, and the highgst point of their trajectory at four feet. Ault (Geographic Magazine, (Dec. 1922, p. 642) agrees with Gifford in believing tmt sase of these fish are able to continue flight, changing direction and going much farther than momentum alone could carry them, He claims that the vibrations of the wing-fins have been seen frequently by several observers. Another authority is Dr. Hankin, who is of opinion (Nature, Aug.18, 1921) that although at the beginning of their glide they may flap their large triangular pectorals a few times and though they vary the position and planes of part or the whole of their transport fins, as the soaring hawk curls and arranges his wings to take advantage of a favoring wind or air current, yet it is the propulsion out of the water and the succeeding glide that consti- tute the soscalled flight of the flying-fish, they do not fly as birds do. The mechanism of this locomotion has, as every naturalist knows, been discussed innumerable times in literature like its analogous process the soaring of the hawk or vulture. In Barbados I had an opportunity of seeing the fisherboys catch the variety that abounds on that island coast. They are a dark-backed, trout-like species about 10 inches in length, their pectorals attached to the bodies like the gossamer wings of hugh dragoh-flies,. They also gave one the impression of a folded fan with little rudder-like accessories. I saw how these fish are caught in that particular part of the island, They are first attracted by pieces of meat -- often distinctly odorous - enclosed in a wicker container which is "jiggled" up and down in the water from the stern of the fisherman!s boat. The fish thus enticed are landed by means of a dip or other net. Captain John Bollons, Waster of the Govt. S. 5, "Tutanaki," and a natural- ist of local repute, told me that during his thirty years of service in the South Pacific he had made a considerable study of flying fishes, and that he had often seen the large Flying Fish (Cypselurus melanocercus) rise as much as six feet clear of the water and without again touching it volplane ( the Cap- tain would not say "fly") a quarter of a mile, On many occasions he had observed them "bank" and vary their direction as often as three times on each occasion and as much as 80-40 degrees during the flight. An officer of the mercantile marine, whose powers of observation I re- gard as worthy of consideration, tells me that he has often caught one of the Pacific Flying Fishes on board his ship, and that they oan fly to a deck” even to ten feet from the water level, They usually "fly" on board at night, and he thinks they are attracted by the lights of the vessel. In proof of the latter statement he points to the method of catching them in Polynesia, by means of the flare on a canoe and a dip net. But why does the light attract the fish? Quien sabe? Having Quoted some recent literature on this apparently obscure sub- ject, suppose we listen to what Adriaan van Beckel has to say about it. He sailed to South America from Holland nearly 250 years ago, and in his "American Voyages" tells many interesting stories about the flora and fauna he studied in his travels. Recently, my friend, Dr. Waiter Roth, of Christianburg, Bri- tish Cuiana, an author well-known to students of Indian folklore, translated this charming Dutch work, and the following quotation is from his original manuscrtpt, which he was good enough to present to the writer, "As regards the Flying Fish, we saw various shoals raise themselves in flight to the height of about 8 or 10 feet, and cover 50 or 60 paces before they fell again into the water to moisten their wings, and acquire renewed strength against the Bonitos (implacable, cannibal fish that are always chasing the flying fish and driving them to seek refuge in aerial flights) who sometimes catch them as they fall, or spring out of the water and grab them as they fly. Besides bonitos, the fly- ing fish have yet another enemy, being a certain kind of bird, which shoots dow on them as they fly out of the water to save themselves from the bonitos. Our constable brought me the first flying fish which, followed by one of the said ; birds near by, happened to fall into our ship. It was of the shape, colour and size of a herring, the back a little bit thicker, and the extreme front of the head roundish, like a sea bream, with the wings above the belly -- very like a bat's 0 But these controversial theorems were destined to be settled by an author- ity whose dictum we never questioned. Our table steward, aithough not permitted to take part at meals in the discussions that were continually going on, was always an interested listener, I generally retired to the dining room when I wished to read or write apart from the maddening crowd, It was on such occa- Sions that I listened to the oracular wisdom of Zeke. "Now, Kunnel, bout dem flyin' fishes -- dey flies jest like any odder bud -- wid der wings. I offen see 'em do it." Then, doubtless as a concession to the opposed opinions of some of his "table folks", he added, after a thoughtful pause, "Anyways, dey'se mighty good eatin", Of which latter statement we had convincing proof at the very next dinner. One of the most dramatic episodes of our trip was the interchange of mail matter between our steamer and the island of Niuafoou, which, by the way, has no harbor and few anchorages, It is a member of the Tongan Group, about 8 miles long and from 3 to 5 miles wide and has a population of 1,117, of whom two are whites. Practically, this island is the crater. of an extinct volcano, ent losing - with some tropical vegetation - a lake, gaseous, metallic and non- drinkable, three miles long by one and a half wide. The soil is very fertile and produces the largest cocoanuts in the Pacific. To add to the peculiarities of this curious oceanic uplift, on one of the islets of the crater lake is a spring from which flows water that is sweet and potable, 4* To return to the mail service, we did not reach Miuefoou until 10 Peme, and on a rainy and rather windy evenings First, the dark form of the mountainous island - how like Dominica it seemed! = loomed up through the mists of the gloomy night, and shortly afterwards we saw that a large bonfire had been built on shore; and still later we saw a small but clear light in the water as we approached the shore, The engines were stopped, but the Captein did not dare to head in too close to that iron-bound coast: so we drifted along about six hundred yerds from the island. Ina short time the light on the water came bobbing along = nearer and nearer the steamer - until at last, within the area illuminated by the search- light of the "Tofua", we made out five naked figures, each provided with a bam- boo or cocoanut pole seven or eight feet long that served the double purpose of @ float and as a prevention against being dashed against the sharp rocks on the return to shore. One man held aloft a lighted lantern tied to a bamboo stick; three others had, each, various small, oil-cloth-covered packages - mostly mail matter - tied to a cleft stick, which he held, like the lantern away from the water. Humber five served as a reserve, and took turns with the others in propel- . ling shorewards a large, air-tight biscuit tin, bound around and reinforced with repe, This latter contained the mail addressed to Niuafoou, as well as a collection of magazines and newspapery for the benefit of the literates - the great majority of the Tongans, under the influence of compulsory education, belong to that class - and intended to serve until the next monthly distribu- tions The steamer's search light showed these Tongans swimming about in the "spotlight" like frogs in an aquarium, When their cargo had been dravn on board, by means of buckets let down from the "Toufua’s" upper deck, the large tin container was thrown overboard, to be pushed asfore by these wonderful Tongan swimmers, We watched them until they disappeared into the tropical night. Of course the value and purpose of the lantern was quite apparent, but the facetious Captain explained - for the benefit of some eager questioners - that it was intended to prevent him from “tangling up Tongans in his propeller blades, somebody having discovered that natives so treated were rarely as ef- fective after as before such treatment . My share in this episode was to be the recipient of one of the cleft carrying-sticks, made of Fau wood, very tough but light, something like our Douglas fir, which I sha$l have made into a cane for the benefit of some collector of these objects. Surely it will be unique in any collection of canes. For the naturalist, I imagine the chief attraction that Niuafoou holds in its "Malau", one of the several species of Megapodes that have preserved their reptilian habits to the extent of laying their eggs in the sand of the sea- Shore and allowing the hot sun to do the hatching, When I was in Nuluwalofa, the capital of Tonga, Dr. C, M, Dawson, chief of the Medical Service and all- round scientist, gave me one of the eges of this cruious bird - momento of a happy and, I trust, enduring friendship. This specimen is of a purple-brown color, and so large that it just fits into an empty Wills cigarette tin. Perhaps you don't think an ege twice as large as the average hen's egg a large egg, but when one realizes that the bird that laid it is smaller than the aver- age hen, the subject becomes interesting. Of course I gathered ail the infor- mation I could regardihg the Tongan bird, and I think it must resemble very closely the Celebes species, so charmingly described by Alfred Wallace in his "Valay Archipelago." Of course, when I reach Honolulu or California, (within reach of a library), and am able to consult Finseh and Hartlaub, I may find that these authorities have already described the Central Polynesian Valau as & distinct species, but since the story told by Wallace closely its the ac- count given me by the most reliable of my informants, who has not only often visited Nivafoou, but has seen bird, burrows, eggs and nestlings, I venture to quote the description of the Celebes Naleo (Nezacephalon maleo):- "It is in loose, hot, black sand that the Maleos deposit their eggs. in the months of August and September, when there is little or no rain, they come down in pairs from the interior to certain favorite spots, and scratch holes three or four feet deep, just above high-water mark, where the female deposits a Single large egg, which she covers with about a foot of sand, and then returns to the forest. At the end of ten or twelve days she comes @gain to the same spot to lay another egg, and each female is supposed to lay six or eight eggs during the season, The male assists in making the hole, coming down and returning with her. The appearance of the bird when walking on the beach is very handsome. The glossy black and rosy white of the plumage, the helmeted head and elevated tail, like that of the common fowl, gives a striking charac- ter, *k* The eggs are so large that it is not possible for the body of the =315 bird to contain more than one fully developed egg at a time. After the eggs are deposited in the sand they are no further cared for by the mother, The young birds on breaking the shell work their way up through the sand and run off at once to the forest." Thus far Wallace Knowlton adds to the foregoing (Birds of the World, p. 270):- "That the nesting habits of these Megapodes are admirably adapted to the structure and present life of the birds is beyond question; but how these habits could have originated in the first place is difficult to un- derstand. Under present conditions, if the birds were required to incubate their eggs, serious difficulties would arise. With an interval of ten or twelve days between the laying of each egg, a period of some two or three months would elapse between the first and the last egg. If the eggs were left until the last was laid, the first ones would be subject to climatic injuries as well as destruction by predatory animals; while if the female began incubation with the laying of the first egg, it would require her to remain sitting for three months, which would be impossible. It has been suggested that these nesting habits may be the survival of a habit enjoyed by a remote reptilian ancestor, but this is too improbable, ‘ Others think that it arose by the birds covering up and concealing their cggs, which seems not unreasonable; yet if this is true, it is difficult to see how they could have become developed to the point where the young can fly from the time of exit from the shell." All of which proves that there are more things in Polynesis that are dreamed of in all our philosophies. The principal defect in a mixed and fragmentary letter like this is that one generally omits the tales that ought to have been told, not to mention the inclusion of stories that might well have been left out. This is true of the Fiji Islands, where we spent six never-to-be forgotten months, At the request of the Colonial Secretary I wrote for the Government Handbook a brief account of the chief birds of that delectable Group. As few of my friendsare likely to see this description, I shall quote here what I have said about the Fijian Parrots and the Fruit Pigeons:- The Parrots of Fiji are renowned among ornithologists and they have often been described in the literature of natural history, even if they are not quite as popular among colonial planters because of their love of such forbidden fruit as bananas, coconuts and pawpaws, Surely, however, some- thing can be forgiven such lovely creatures. Perhaps the most elaborately decor- ated of them all is the Yellow-breasted Parrot (Pyrrhulopsis personatus), tiwenty-- to inches in length. He is probably much rarer than he was twenty years ago. The writer was unable to locate a single caged specimen among the hundreds of pet parrots to be found on the various islands, although he inserted a re- quest in the Fiji Times and Herald asking owners of the Yellowbreast to allow him to see their pets. In several instances he discovered that this fine bird had been caught and tamed but had died after a caged or confined life varying from five to fifteen years, Their places were not filled because no young par- rots were on the market. It is quite different with the Crimson-breasted Species from Kandavu, a large island happily free of the mongoose and but little cultivated by whites. Here the beautiful Pyrrhulopsis splendens, although un- protected by law (on account of his fruit-eating propensities) easily holds his ow in spite of the large numbers captured and sold by the natives to tourists and others, Although not as elaborately decorated as the Yéllowbreast, P. splendens, it is a very attractive species, whose length is 18 to 20 inches, with the head and all the upper surface crimson; across the nape a wide, deep-blue band; back, rump, upper-tail coverts and wings bright green; primaries and their coverts, as well as the outer secondary feathers, blue; lastly as a striking contrast, the eyes are deep orange. It is a question whether this species was not at one time confined to Kandavu and whether the individuals found on Viti Levu, for example, were not introduced from the former island. Be that as it may, wild examples are rare outside Kandavu. This one of the four Pyrrhulopses is “the favourite cage-vird in the Colony, not only because of the abundant supply of young birds but because of their talking powers, their display of affection and intelligence and because they practically never scream nor make other disagreeable noises when in captivity. Although their rather shrill monotone is a common sound in the Kandavan forest, they seem to abandon loud notes when in captivity. They are fair talkers and whistlers, but in exhibiting these accomplish- ments do not make themselves a nuisance to the neighborhood, as do some of the other large parrots, ‘Some years ago the Samoans were in the habit of mak- ing excursions to Fiji to shoot "Kakas" and other birds of bright plumage, that they might weave the feathers into their mats. It is also said that they were not averse to trapping or buying live birds that they might pluck regular crops of feathers from the unfortunate parrots. This cruel practice continued until the arrival in the Colony, as Governor, of that sympathetic and well- known naturalist, Sir. Everard im Thurn, who put an end to the scandal. The large Fijian parrots build their nests in hallow trees, and generally 20 or 50 feet from the ground, The writer discovered one nest in a decayed stump less than five feet high. The central hole was eight inches across ard the next waS a very primitive affair, consisting only of the debris that had accumulated in the bottom of the excavation. There were three, nearly round, dirty-brown eggs which, when cleansed, became uniformly white. They measured one and three-sixteenths by one and three-sighths inches. The other species of this interesting genus are peculiar to (or the types hail from) Taviuni, Vanua Levu and Koro respectively. They differ from the Kandavan variety mainly in the amount of blue on the nape of the neck, it being entirely absent in the first mentioned and seen only as an inconspi- cuous streak in the other two. In about one percent. of the long-tailed Fijian parrots, cases of what is ealled heterochrosis occur; that is, the red, green and blue feathers in the birds’ plumage to a greater or less extent change to yellow and white. Al- though this colour alteration is abnormal it frequently is seen in perfectly healthy subjects of great intelligence and vivacity. Moreover, the alternations often result in colour combinations far surpassing in attractiveness the plumage tints of the normal parrot, The chief glory, however, of Fiji's avifauna is her wild Fruit Pigeons and Doves, several of which are found only on the islends of the Group. Limited space forbids more than a passing mention of two of the larger Pigeons - the Nutmeg Pigeon (so-called from its favorite diet, - Globieera Pacifica, with an iridescent, wine-colored plumage and a remarkable stomach lined with horny spines to grind off and pulpify the arillus or "mace" from the wild nutmegs on which he subsists; and the equally beautiful Chili Pigeon, or "Ruve" that flourishes on red-hot capsicums, ; Of the wonderfully feathered little Fruit Doves much has been written; in- deed it is quite impossible to describe their gorgeous coloring; they must be seen to be appreciated. Male and female are quite differently feathered in all the species, the male Golden Dove (Chrysoena lutevoirens) having an olive-yellow cap fringed with yellowish, the remainder of the body being mostly clothed in a covering of lovely, separated, glossy, lanceolated, golden feathers. He has a yellow-green tail; while the female is greenish throughout -- indeed, goes under the popular name of the Green Dove. Then, there is the Grimson-capped Dove (Ptilinopus perousei) that looks white as it flies, but is really a remarkable study in dark purple, bronze-green and white, the first and last colors predom- inating. : This beautiful dove sports a crimson cape over his shoulders and the white feathers of his breast are split at their ends, the resulting points being tip- ped with red, The female is less elaborately adorned but is yet extremely at- tractive. Still more wontlerful in its truly flamboyant attire is the far-famed, though rare, Flame-coloured or Orange Dove (Chrysoena victor) whose flight through the forest has been aptly likened to "The passage of a rocket ona dark night." The male bird has a velvety, olive-coloured cap with a bright yellow border, the rest of the body-covering, both above and below, being composed of closely applied, hair-like feathers of a brilliant, glossy orange-red; "flame-coloured"! describes it more accurately. The entire plumage of the female is rich green, yellowish-green on the head and throat. The writer has never seen a more ime pressive study in feathered monochrome than is presented by this beautiful little dove, Finally, one of the most attractive of these Columbidae is the Fijian Ground Dove ( Phlogoenas stairi) intermediate in size and, perhaps, beauty between the smaller doves and the larger Pigeons. The general colouration of this species is dark brow with bronze and purple reflections. He has a genuine "coo" as his call note, and is still to be found in those localities that are free of the mongoose. In Viti Levu some individuals still survive. They have learned to avoid ground feeding as much as possible and to build on the small brances of high trees to which the enemy cannot climb. A noticeable character of some of these Fijian Columbidae is their "barking" notes. In the deep jungle one is often startled by @ succession of clear or hoarse dog-like Sounds, so familiar that, if one does not know their origin, they are readily attributed to a lot of dogs that have strayed from home, As EB, and I tura our faces northward towards home, and say farewell to the lands and peoples whose hospitality we have so much enjoyed during the past year , we cannot help thinking of the lines penned by John Kendrick Bangs ;~ For-as-much as I do love the stretching sea, The heavens blue, the leaf of vine and tree, The mountain and the valley and the plain, And find in desert places founts of gain; And since I love the song birds and the flowers, The day, the night, the dark, the sunny hours, And for my fellow man, whoe'er he be, Have feelings fond, and truly neighborly, It matters little where I chance to roam—« I'm never far from home. g AUTHORS CLUB, ee 2,WHITEHALL COURT, VICTORIA 3160 (6 LINES) PAO: f SS, W.1, TELEGRAMS AZYRITES, LONDON” ee) BG Bk Racine ae oct. BEES kad tome fron pathornp he dala act frth fin ray fennal Lolly and eed tcp piee kes lkeal Kat yu hed — i. At ig wd abr, Bren bot 2b oe kaw) — Rh ane ee i a a eee Lyk beet oe ARTHUR B. WOODFORD 50 TRUMBULL STREET NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT August 17, 1925. Dear Mr. Deang) ik I was and am very serry that there should have been any misunderstanding abeut the time of eur departure from Philbrook Farm, and the consequent failure to connect with you for a farewell. My feeling was that the rain interfered with eut trip and that it probably had done so also with your coming down te the house before time for lunch. We had eur lunch that day in the same somewhat enlarged place in Seuth Paris that we did two years ago, and then spent the night at the Lafeyette in Portland, as the rain continued to fall and the fog te grew dense all of the afternoon. Pleasant days followed, however, and we reached my mother's all in good time, finding her rather feeble but in excellent spirits and quite centented to leave this world. She is eighty-five, ARTHUR B. WOODFORD 50 TRUMBULL STREET NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT We came through to New Haven in time for me to be heard and the matter is new in the hands of the Ceurt for settlementias to the amount if any which we must pay. I insisted that he has already been overpaid, but the tes- timony was promptly ruled eut by the Judge -- a somewhat intimate friend of mine rather than of the person bringing the suit fer damages. We have, however, won out in three different courts, so that I hepe the present decision will settle matters finally. Hew late do yeu stay this year ? I ask bedause there is a pessiblility that we shall be threugh the meun - tains with friends late in September er early October. Please give ae aa te any and all inquir ing friends and our best te you and Miss Brewn. 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Ss a PESe Bee inset FLAG ray fo Aecer Not me MOE ore: tetdit; CLe A Bae Ge Slee 2 Peon L i ala eee. ae ee ee Ate Eee Gy: eee LEIA agente La NA -ae Le ONE ae BY Pecbctler aleve dl eee: ee fo tee ce haered Zeer ies spetitaedone = Aipeetiee Lee: pre ERE ed Botte FiGz. pll Che, BZooode eeerAe- a Ps ae ee Apr Ger eee eae gee Latpeereel t1.07ke Sern bor forgo I ie 1 eee qe aa pe aye oe hisses pre rod ' —_—— ean =) Jib Gforce Heel? belo Ae AGA be a : fe 8 Za Ee a ss Geag be Yd elrrece Lebecteceg pest el Fitiip SLL geet 4 ee ee , net ee Mies Flea PY Fo EE ee eZ (teape pect. fee Zea Zo Ztt£2t-027TX Kaye Cece Deaf eat ee z a= ee ee ten A A; 5 ie Lp De ete cee BE eee Ce Nee a ate oe sd : NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY TWELVE STATE STREBT WORCESTER, MASS. Wed. Nov. 24 / 1926. ) Cut Mr. Walter Deane 44 29 Brewster Street oy Vambridge, Mass. Dear Mr. Deane: - Your letter of the 18th., reached me in due season. I wish to thank you very much for your very kind offer of a specimen of Campanule punctate Lam., but we limit our activities to collect- ing the flora of Worcester County, which now contains some 1500 named species and varieties. During the Great War, many of our big Industrials maintained War gardens for their help, and some of them used sheep menure and wool waste, imported from various parts of the world. Following is & pertial list of some of the more unusual plents which we collect- ed during and after the war:- Calotis cuneifolia R.Br. Australia Cephalaria tatarica Schrad. _ Persia, Siberia, etc. Chenopodium carinatum kK.Br. Australia, Tasmanie, S.W. United States,etc. Chenopodium graveolens L. &R. New Mexico Erigeron linifolius Willd. d Bermuda, Cent. America, Phillipines, etc. (This is a first specimen for the Gray Herbarium) Frankenia pulverulenta lL. Europe; a rare bellast weed in America. Heterospermum pinnetum Cav. New Mexico Senecio multicapituleta Greenm. New Mexico Tagetes minuta ? Temperate and tropical So. America Xenthium ambrosioides Hook. & Arn. Argentina | (Also a first specimen for The Gray Herb. in No. America NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY TWELVE STATE STREET WORCESTER, MASS. Mr. Walter Deane: - All of these plents have been deposited at the Grey Her- perium, where they were sent for identification. lMeny of them were collected but once, and only e@ single plant. Tagetes has been re- coréed three times, but not since the 1920's. Agein I thank you for your kind offer of the rere Campanula; put es it does not come within our renge, we will not trouble you to collect it for us. Wishing you @ very plessant Thenksgiving Dey, end a Merry Christ- I an, Very sincerely yours, Yarte Com, for es 1s” Dean We Beane JU, Ny lrobe of I hex Ure ore Pure y Enphorina Cy pesnissees ann ot Mas Sere oe dieu) 4 ONEAan > ws eee Yet BAe phonwnrty bares ew | howe) br sak Mead yon a afanme, J HAL I con ote wot. by wx “hear Hoeven OAD grr Grr (len, od ae Girl tat “baie. Ge Py, ee (rol. Yawn Yolo. VAL Chir Oceunrt, OU u Grrl Souby bet, ai Wierermnrette dente you Mh oftovmerns Wy, I a Me GQ st ae mm & Uerd uwe- ep biaice, Mrtde eGR. Varth, rhe epee ur ay mv = pram Ue, “rh, a eeaeake teal, Utr., Hover aol ews Wetu S¥ Garr pom revels Jha [Vt har a cOnNk. pied ibe Muro Haven Cou Qe DIF US rear Wy Seanrshr 9 ADA oluph cob— +f Pamcum athom arbre BEE bts sete, ed es phenrr [tu ype PI OA teiacey The planhaA Ann loan €~ol Me Slal, qr Lane € meurt f lee Qeen WE at str slakn, Soll. 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